音乐治疗对阿尔茨海默病患者干预效果的Meta分析
Intervention Effect of Music Therapy on Patients with Alzheimer's Disease：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
背景 阿尔茨海默病（AD）作为一种神经系统退行性疾病，发病率高，病情发展快，严重影响着患者的生活质量。近年来，音乐治疗干预 AD 的研究逐渐增多，但缺乏有效的系统系评估与分析。目的 对音乐治疗AD 患者认知、情绪、生活能力、睡眠障碍等方面的干预效果进行 Meta 分析。方法 计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台（Wanfang）、维普网（VIP）、Medline、Elsevier ScienceDirect、PubMed、Embase 中关于音乐治疗方法对 AD 患者干预效果的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库各数至 2023 年 2 月，采用 Review Manager 5.4 软件进行数据分析。结果 研究纳入 15 项 RCT 文献，共 1 077 例患者。Meta 分析结果显示：音乐治疗组对 AD 患者认知 功 能（MD=4.35，95%CI=1.64~7.05，Z=3.15，P=0.002）、 负 性 情 绪（SMD=-0.71，95%CI=-1.26~-0.15，Z=2.51，P=0.01）、生活能力（SMD=-0.91，95%CI=-1.55~-0.27，Z=2.77，P=0.006）干预效果优于对照组；两组在睡眠障碍干预方面比较，其差异并无统计学意义（MD=-1.04，95%CI=-3.10~1.02，Z=0.99，P=0.32）。亚组分析结果显示，治疗周期 <12 周（P=0.01）、治疗时长 <45 min/ 次（P=0.02）、治疗频次≥ 3 次 / 周（P<0.001）、实施方式为个体（P<0.001）、实施方式为个体 + 团体（P=0.002）、干预措施为接收式音乐治疗（P<0.001）的音乐干预组对认知功能的干预效果优于对照组。治疗周期≥ 12 周（P=0.004）、治疗频次 <3 次 / 周（P=0.01）、实施方式为个体 + 团体（P=0.02）、干预措施为接收式音乐治疗（P=0.002）、干预措施为主动式音乐治疗（P=0.002）的音乐干预组对负面情绪的干预效果优于对照组。结论 音乐治疗能够改善 AD 患者认知功能、精神状况，提升患者日常生活能力。但由于纳入案例研究质量不高，仍需要借助更多大样本、高质量的循证研究加以验证。
神经病学、精神病学医学研究方法
阿尔茨海默病音乐疗法治疗结果认知情绪生活质量Meta 分析
张勇,黄荣华,王森莉,刘丹,徐凤萍.音乐治疗对阿尔茨海默病患者干预效果的Meta分析[EB/OL].(2023-12-06)[2025-11-03].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202312.00103.点此复制
BackgroundAs a neurodegenerative diseaseAlzheimer's diseaseAD has a high incidence rate and rapid developmentwhich seriously affects the quality of life of patients. In recent yearsresearch on music therapy intervention in AD has gradually increasedlacking effective systematic evaluation and analysis. ObjectiveA meta-analysis was conducted on the intervention effects of music in the treatment of cognitionemotionliving ability and sleep disorders in AD patients. MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted on the intervention effect of music therapy methods on Alzheimer's patients in the Chinese Journal Full Text DatabaseCNKIWanfang DatabaseWanfangVIP DatabaseVIPMedlineElsevier ScienceDirectPubMedand Embase by computer search. The search time was from the establishment of each database until February 2023and the data was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software. ResultsThe study included 15 RCT studies with a total of 1 077 patients. The results of meta-analysis showedThe effects of music therapy on cognitive functionMD=4.3595%CI=1.64 to 7.05Z=3.15P=0.002negative emotionSMD=-0.7195%CI=-1.26 to -0.15Z=2.51P=0.01life abilitySMD=-0.9195%CI=-1.55 to -0.27Z=2.77P=0.006 The effect of intervention was better than that of control group. There was no significant difference in sleep disorder intervention between the two groups MD=-1.0495%CI=-3.10 to 1.02Z=0.99P=0.32. Subgroup analysis showed that The treatment period was <12 weeks P=0.01the treatment duration was <45min/ timeP=0.02the treatment frequency was ≥ 3 times/weekP<0.001the implementation method was individualP<0.001the implementation method was individual + groupP=0.002and the intervention measure was receiving music therapyP<0.001 The effect of intervention on cognitive function in the group was better than that in the control group. Treatment period ≥ 12 weeksP=0.004treatment frequency <3 times/weekP=0.01implementation method of individual + groupP=0.02intervention measure of receiving music therapyP=0.002intervention measure of active music therapyP=0.002the intervention effect of music intervention group on negative emotions was better than the control group. ConclusionMusic therapy can improve the cognitive functionmental stateand daily self activity of Alzheimer's patients. Howeverdue to the low quality of case studies includedmore large-scale and highquality evidence-based studies are still needed to verify.
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