心房颤动患者身体活动的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

Background  Physical activity is the focus of disease management in patients with atrial fibrillationAFand different types and intensities of physical activity have different impacts on the health status of patientshoweverthe current distribution of physical activity types in patients with AF is not clearly characterized. Objective  To explore differences in thedistribution of the daily physical activity energy expenditure in patients with atrial fibrillation and the influencing factors. Methods  A total of 300 AF patients newly admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University for elective catheter ablation from July to December 2023 were enrolled. General patient information was collected. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long FormIPAQ-Lwas used to assess the level of physical activitythe Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short FormFoP-Q-SFto evaluate fear of disease progressionthe Cancer Acceptance Scale-RevisedCAS-Rto assess perceived controland the Family Apathy IndexFAIto gauge family care. A latent profile analysis was conducted on energy expenditure from various types of physical activity among AF patients. Starting from a one-class modelthe number of classes was incrementally increased to determine the best-fitting model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the impact of various factors on different latent profiles. Results  Based on IPAQ-L scores80 patients26.7%had low6321.0%had moderateand 15752.3%had high levels of physical activity. The latent profile analysis of patients' physical activity energy expenditure categorized them into two profiles: low energy expenditure-primarily sedentaryn=198and high energy expenditure-primarily occupational physical activityn=102.Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in ageeducation leveloccupationfamily monthly income per capitaand scores on the FoP-Q-SFCAS-Rand FAI between the two profilesP<0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age 40-59 yearsOR=0.28095%CI=0.121-0.817P=0.017bachelor's degree or higherOR=0.33195%CI=0.124-0.883P=0.027mental laborOR=0.31595%CI=0.087-0.899P=0.032retirementOR=0.15195%CI=0.050-0.452P<0.001FoP-Q-SF scoreOR=1.08695%CI=1.036-1.139P<0.001CAS-R scoreOR=0.89995%CI=0.820-0.985P=0.022and FAI scoreOR=0.82895%CI=0.707-0.9689P=0.018were influencing factors of the latent profiles of physical activityPAenergy expenditureP<0.05. Conclusion  There are different latent profiles of physical activity energy expenditure among AF patientswith heterogeneous distribution characteristics across profiles. Patients aged 40-59with bachelor's degree or higherengaged in mental laborretiredpossessing strong perceived controland receiving high family care are more likely to be classified as low energy expenditure-primarily sedentary. Interventions can be tailored based on the characteristics of different physical activity energy expenditure profiles and influencing factors to promote appropriate and scientific physical activity.