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Across driven systems, a recurring empirical tension is observed: evolution remains coherent and produces durable structure, yet the underlying process cannot be reconstructed from local dissipation-based derivations. Observable trajectories persist longer and retain more organization than what local constraints alone would predict. This work treats this mismatch not as a modeling defect but as the starting phenomenon to be explained. We argue that under finite observation windows, what is accessed is necessarily a projection of ongoing irreversible change. Projection compresses continuous processes into finite, dimension-reduced representations, making time itself non-comparable across systems and shifting the basic object of comparison from time points to ordered paths. The observed contradiction between paths and local derivation then forces a separation: coherence can persist while phase reversibility fails. When relaxation is incomplete, prior change leaves retention that overlaps with subsequent driving, producing dislocated synchronization-new processes are imposed on unfinished remnants rather than replacing them. Most displacements dissipate, but a small subset survives, selected by coupling geometry. Under finite projection, this geometry becomes readable only statistically, yielding observable measures of coupling depth, orientation, and participation. The surviving outcomes appear as residuals: stable projected sections of high-dimensional dynamics. Lifespan differences among residuals lead to natural stratification, culminating in a durable topological skeleton that constrains future evolution. Persistence is thus explained as a consequence of irreversible projection, geometric selection, and stratified deposition, rather than optimization, design, or full process recoverability.

左侧顶下叶(IPL)是语音范畴感知的重要脑区，它同样参与了汉语声调感知，但是对 其功能认识还没有得到一致的结论。本研究使用功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)技术对左侧 IPL 参与声调感知进行功能定位(实验一)，然后使用经颅磁刺激(TMS)技术对左侧IPL进行虚拟 损伤(实验二)，建立左侧IPL与声调范畴感知的因果联系。实验一发现左侧IPL背侧通道不 仅对声调范畴敏感，范畴间比范畴内刺激对诱发了更强的氧合血红蛋白(HbO)浓度变化；还 对声学间隔敏感，小声学间隔比大声学间隔刺激对诱发了更强的HbO浓度变化。实验二分 别虚拟损伤左侧IPL的背侧和腹侧通道，发现当左侧IPL背侧通道虚拟受损后，该通道对声 调范畴的敏感性消失，而左侧IPL腹侧通道和前运动皮层通道对声学特征变得敏感。但是当 左侧IPL腹侧通道虚拟受损后，仅左侧额下回通道出现了功能代偿性地对声调范畴敏感。结 果表明左侧 IPL 背侧在汉语声调范畴感知中起到重要作用，而腹侧区域在语音感知的神经 生理模型背侧通路中起着门控作用。研究结果从声调语言的角度丰富了语音感知加工的神 经生理模型，阐明了背侧/腹侧语音加工通路在范畴感知中的协作机制。

联邦学习是一种在保护数据隐私的前提下，利用多方局部数据进行协作训练的分布式机器学习范式。然而，系统异质性导致的"掉队者问题"严重阻碍了训练效率，而数据异质性产生的非独立同分布数据则会降低模型性能。本文提出一种基于自蒸馏的掉队者自适应联邦学习方法。该方法首先根据计算与通信能力将客户端划分为"掉队者"和"领导者"。掉队者被分配与其能力相匹配的轻量化分类器，而领导者则利用深度分类器通过自蒸馏技术将知识传递给掉队者模型。这种策略确保了掉队者能有效参与训练，并最大限度减少性能损耗。此外，随着全局模型准确率的提升，算法将逐步增加领导者的比例，以进一步释放训练潜力。

针对星地激光通信链路中大气湍流引起的接收功率快速波动及短时掉光问题，开展了相干接收数字信号处理(DSP)系统的灵敏度动态范围与掉光后重启收敛性能研究。搭建了1.048576 GBaud二进制相移键控(BPSK)相干接收实时DSP实验平台，通过改变接收光功率，测量系统误码率随接收功率变化的特性曲线，完成系统灵敏度测量。引入信噪比系数作为功率变化表征参数，建立其与误码率之间的映射关系，用于判定系统收敛状态。通过可变衰减器与任意波形发生器产生周期性功率波动以及构建湍流模拟装置模拟自由空间信道功率起伏特性。实验结果表明，本相干接收DSP系统在湍流功率抖动信道下具有较强的动态适应能力与快速恢复能力，为后续系统优化提供基础。

目的：探究NK细胞在慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）中的作用。方法：构建cGVHD小鼠模型，通过尾静脉注射NK细胞清除剂；检测尿液中尿蛋白的含量；检测血清中抗双链DNA（anti-dsDNA）抗体IgG及其亚型（IgG1、IgG2a）的水平；取造模后小鼠靶器官组织进行病理学HE染色观察。结果：造模6周后，NK细胞清除组小鼠尿蛋白含量呈升高趋势；其血清中anti-dsDNA抗体水平显著高于对照组；持续清除NK细胞显著促进anti-dsDNA IgG、IgG1和IgG2a的分泌。结论：受体NK细胞缺失加重cGVHD小鼠的症状。