国家预印本平台

大气概念来自于《黄帝内经》。民国医家张锡纯认为胸中大气即宗气，全面整合了《内经》以降历代医家宗气与大气学说，并验之于临床，使其形成了完整的理法方药齐备的学术思想体系。神气即经络之气，就大气与神气关系而言，营卫之气合于心肺为胸中大气（宗气），胸中大气出于心肺，合而言之为一身之大气，分而言之为营卫之气，神气通过络脉接受卫气的护卫与温养、营气的濡养。基于中医大气与神气理论，笔者认为失眠病位在脑，乃脑神寤寐功能失常，病机与大气及神气相关。核心病机为“大气虚滞，阴神失养”，治宜“调补大气，益阴安神”。

学习重塑对促进学生积极学习行为具有重要意义，为理解其异质性发展轨迹和影响因素，采用潜在剖面分析和潜在转变分析，对1711名大学生进行一年两波的追踪调查。结果表明：(1)大学生学习重塑可分为均低型、中等型、高认知中任务低关系型和均高型四类；(2)中等型和均高型较稳定，而均低型和高认知中任务低关系型之间易发生相互转变；(3)领悟社会支持和主观适应性是学习重塑类别转变的重要保护和促进因素。

左侧额中回是语言认知神经科学研究识别汉字阅读特异激活的脑区，其确切功能一直是研究者争议的问题。近年来，大量研究表明，额中回在汉字阅读中的激活可能与工作记忆、执行控制加工等一般认知加工相关。本文系统综述了上述两方面的最新研究进展，并从两个层面解释左侧额中回参与汉字阅读的功能：一是该脑区可能存在功能分离的子区域，即其后部主要参与词汇阅读相关的神经激活，其前部更多承载工作记忆、执行功能等一般认知加工任务。另一种可能是左侧额中回作为跨网络关键节点，在一般认知控制网络与语言/阅读网络之间发挥作用。未来研究需要从跨领域的研究视角，深入探究左侧额中回作为跨网络交互节点在阅读中的动态激活。

Video generation models have advanced rapidly and can now synthesize plausible videos of robot manipulation from image and text prompts. Recent work extracts robot actions directly from such generated videos, but the result is purely kinematic and lacks force information, causing failures in contact-rich tasks where appropriate contact forces are essential for success. We present a pipeline that jointly leverages generated video and audio to derive motion trajectories and desired-force profiles. The force profile is shaped by the loudness of the generated contact sound, and we execute the resulting force-aware trajectories on a Franka robot using a closed-loop force regulator. We evaluate our pipeline on multiple tasks that require making contact and demonstrate successful zero-shot manipulation where a kinematic-only baseline fails. We also show that the pipeline can be used as a data generation engine to train policies that achieve the tasks in a closed-loop manner. Project website, videos, and dataset: https://dreamingcontactsound.github.io/

Recent measurements of cosmic expansion have renewed interest in dark-energy scenarios in which the effective equation of state exhibits phantom-like evolution and may cross $w=-1$. Such behavior, however, does not require a fundamental phantom field: in coupled dark-energy-dark-matter~(CDEDM) models, energy exchange between a canonical scalar field and cold dark matter, happens Lagrangian labels, can reproduce the same effective equation of state evolution as that of phenomenological $w_0w_a$CDM model. We show that this microscopic interaction leaves distinctive, testable signatures in structure growth by forming a two-fluid system in which only cold dark matter feels the scalar-mediated fifth force (and an associated drag term), while baryons remain uncoupled. When combined with neutrino-free streaming, this setup generates a characteristic coupling, neutrino-mass degeneracy, whose leading scaling $\sum m_ν\propto f_c^2 α^2$ follows analytically from the two-fluid growth equations. Using DESI DR2 BAO, CMB distance information, ACT DR6 lensing, redshift-space distortions, and three supernova compilations, we find that this scaling is recovered for both exponential and inverse-power-law potentials. We further show that the dominant contribution to the growth response arises from the coupling-induced modification of the background evolution, with the fifth force enhancing growth and the drag partially counteracting it. Finally, the interaction induces a running dark-matter mass, changing it at recombination by $4.3\%$--$5.5\%$, so CMB distance calculations must account for the evolving dark-matter density. These correlated growth and recombination effects provide a route to distinguish interaction-driven phantom crossing from purely kinematic dark-energy parametrizations.