广西四个产地八角品种类型及优树主要经济性状分析

o further clarify the distribution of different accessions and superior germplasm of Illiciumverum (Chinese star anise) in Guangxi, I. verum accessions obtained from four different regions, and36 superior individual plants were initially screened to analyze the traits of leaf and fruit. The resultswere as follows: (1)The proportion of star anise individuals with light red and red flowers exceeded90%, whereas those with yellow flowers were not identified in this study. The number of fruitssegments in star anise ranged from 6 to 13, with 8 segments being the most common. It was only thefruits with 8 and 13 segments that were consistently observed on the entire plants. (2)The coefficientsof variation (CV) for fresh fruit weight, oil content in fresh fruits, and fruit stalk length all exceeded20% among the initially screened superior individual plants. In contrast, the CV for trans-anetholecontent was the smallest at 5.44%. Significant differences were observed in leaf shape index, leaf thickness, and oil content in fresh fruits from the four origins. (3)A significantly or extremelysignificantly positive correlation was found between leaf thickness/fresh leaf weight and fresh fruitwidth/weight. Relative humidity was significantly positively correlated with seven main traits. Incontrast, flower color did not show a clear correlation with the main fruit traits. (4)In the clusteranalysis, the individual from Shanglin (SL5) clustered separately, whereas other individuals did notcluster based on region. In conclusion, the two types of star anise with light red and red flower weremain accessions in Guangxi. Among these accessions, the number of fruit segments ranging from 6 to13 were completely considered normal, and that fruits with 8 segments were the common type. Theinitially screened superior individual plants displayed a high degree of trait variation, suggestingsignificant potential for genetic improvement in economic traits such as fresh fruit weight and oilcontent. Relative humidity significantly influenced the growth and development of star anise. Thoseplants with thicker leaves generally to produce larger fruits. However, no clear correlation wasobserved between flower color and fruit quality. Cluster analysis results imply, significant geneticdifferentiation in traits among plants from different regions indicating complex genetic relationshipsamong these accessions. This complexity may be attributed to variations in artificial cultivationmethods and the inherent genetic characteristics of the plants. The study provides a theoreticalreference for the future utilization of germplasm resources and offers guidance for further breeding andcultivation of star anise.