治疗孤独症谱系障碍：重复经颅磁刺激的潜在作用

utism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by heterogeneous etiology and manifestations, with no definitive effective clinical treatment currently available. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS), as a neuromodulation technique, has shown promising therapeutic potential in ASD treatment. Research indicates that low-frequency rTMS can modulate the excitation-inhibition balance of the cerebral cortex, while high-frequency rTMS can enhance the excitability of target brain regions. This study demonstrates that low-frequency rTMS targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in ASD can ameliorate repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, while high-frequency rTMS directed at the temporoparietal junction can improve social interaction deficits. Future research should focus on exploring the optimal age window for rTMS intervention, implementing rigorous double-blind, sham-controlled, and randomized crossover experimental designs, and integrating clinical scale assessments, behavioral measurements, and neurobiological indicators of target brain regions for efficacy evaluation, thereby providing more reliable evidence-based support for clinical practice