Exploring the metabolic profiling of A. baumannii for antimicrobial development using genome-scale modeling

With the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the World Health Organization published a catalog of microorganisms urgently needing new antibiotics, with the carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii designated as "critical". Such isolates, frequentlydetected in healthcare settings, pose a global pandemic threat. One way to facilitate a systemic view of bacterial metabolism and allow the development of new therapeutics is to apply constraint-based modelling. Here, we developed a versatile workflow to build high-quality and simulation-ready genome-scale metabolic models. We applied our workflow to create a novel metabolic model for A. baumannii and validated its predictive capabilities using experimental nutrient utilization and gene essentiality data. Our analysis showed that our model iACB23LX could recapitulate cellular metabolic phenotypes observed during in vitro experiments, while positive biomass production rates were observed and experimentally validated in various growth media. We further defined a minimal set of compounds that increase A. baumannii's cellular biomass and identified putative essential genes with no human counterparts, offering novel candidates for future antimicrobial development. Finally, we assembled and curated the first collection of reconstructions for distinct A. baumannii strains and analysed their growth characteristics. The presented models are in a standardised and well-curated format, enhancing their usability for multi-strain network reconstruction.