2009-2020年国家基本药物制度政策文本研究

Objective：Analyze the characteristics and structure of Chinas essential medicine system from the perspective of policy tools, so as to provide reference for the optimization and adjustment of the follow-up policies of the national essential medicine system. Methods：This paper sorted out the policy documents that are closely related to the essential medicine system issued by the central government from 2009 to 2020. Based on the policy tools, the content analysis was used to analyze the policy documents related to the essential medicine system from the basic policy tools (X dimension) and policy development process (Y dimension). Results: In the X dimension, the usage frequency of policy tools, namely demand-based, supply-based and environment-based, is 12.63%,16.16% and 71.21% respectively. In the Y dimension, the usage frequency of tools of policy planning, policy implementation, policy supervision and policy evaluation is 29.29%, 46.46%, 17.68% and 6.57% respectively. Discussion: In the dimension of basic policy tools, demand-based policy tools are underused, while environment-based policy tools are frequently used. The internal structure of policy tools needs to be further optimized. In the dimension of policy development process, attention is paid to the policy planning and policy implementation, yet the policy supervision and policy evaluation are ignored. Suggestion: Further policy design needs strengthening the application of demand-based policy tools while reducing the use frequency of the environment-based policy tools. The internal structure of policy tools needs to be further optimized. More attention should be paid to the implementation of policy tools in policy supervision and policy evaluation and coordination of the application of policy tools in the process of policy development.