GABA AND GLUTAMATE CHANGES IN PEDIATRIC MIGRAINE
GABA AND GLUTAMATE CHANGES IN PEDIATRIC MIGRAINE
Abstract Despite migraine being one of the top five most prevalent childhood diseases, a lack of knowledge about pediatric migraine limits effective treatment strategies; standard adult pharmaceutical therapies are less effective in children and can carry undesirable side-effects. Non-pharmacological therapies have shown some success in adults; however, to appropriately apply these in children we need to understand pediatric migraine’s underlying biology. One theory is that migraine results from an imbalance in cortical excitability. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies show changes in GABA and glutamate levels (the primary inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain, respectively) in multiple brain regions. Although there is indirect evidence of abnormal excitability in pediatric migraine, GABA and glutamate levels have yet to be assessed. The purpose of this study was to measure levels of GABA and glutamate in the thalamus, sensorimotor cortex and visual cortex of children with migraine using MRS. We found that children with migraine and aura had significantly lower glutamate levels in the visual cortex as compared to control children, opposite to results seen in adults. Additionally, we found significant correlations between metabolite levels and migraine characteristics; higher GABA levels were associated with a higher migraine burden. We also found that higher glutamate in the thalamus and higher GABA/Glx ratios in the sensorimotor cortex were associated with duration since diagnosis, i.e., having migraines longer. Lower GABA levels in the sensorimotor cortex were associated with being closer to their next migraine attack. Together this indicates that GABA and glutamate disturbances occur early in migraine pathophysiology and emphasizes that evidence from adults with migraine cannot be immediately translated to paediatric sufferers. This highlights the need for further mechanistic studies of migraine in children, to aid in the development of more effective treatments.
Webb Megan、Harris Ashley D、Stokoe Mehak、Noel Melanie、Bell Tiffany、Amoozegar Farnaz、Khaira Akashroop
Department of Radiology, University of Calgary||Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of CalgaryDepartment of Radiology, University of Calgary||Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of CalgaryDepartment of Radiology, University of Calgary||Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of CalgaryHotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary||Department of Psychology, University of CalgaryDepartment of Radiology, University of Calgary||Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of CalgaryHotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of CalgaryDepartment of Radiology, University of Calgary||Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary||Alberta Children?ˉs Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary
基础医学神经病学、精神病学生物科学研究方法、生物科学研究技术
Webb Megan,Harris Ashley D,Stokoe Mehak,Noel Melanie,Bell Tiffany,Amoozegar Farnaz,Khaira Akashroop.GABA AND GLUTAMATE CHANGES IN PEDIATRIC MIGRAINE[EB/OL].(2025-03-28)[2025-04-27].https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.14.041616.点此复制
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