炎症反应介导内皮功能障碍及血脑屏障损伤在脑微出血中的作用

Cerebral microbleeds are a typical imaging manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease, characterized by the deposition of hemosiderin resulting from damage to small cerebral vessels. They have been confirmed to be significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction, intracerebral hemorrhage events, recurrence of ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic transformation. However, due to unclear pathogenic mechanisms, there is still a lack of effective early intervention and treatment options in clinical practice. Recent studies have suggested that inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and increased blood-brain barrier permeability may collaboratively participate in the pathological development of cerebral microbleeds, providing new research directions for targeted intervention and treatment of the disease. This article reviews the role of inflammatory response-mediated endothelial dysfunction and blood-brain barrier damage in the pathogenesis of cerebral microbleeds, along with relevant clinical research evidence, in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral microbleeds.