基于动态博弈与鲸鱼优化模型的游泳比赛策略优化研究

he improvement of swimming performance not only depends on the talent and skill of athletes, but also closely related to scientific and reasonable speed distribution and strategy selection. In recent years, with the rapid development of sports science, the research on swimming speed optimization and tactical decision has gradually become a hot spot. Most of the existing studies focus on the construction of speed distribution models for single-distance events or tactical analysis based on historical data, but there are still gaps in the multi-distance adaptive strategies, dynamic games between athletes and collaborative optimization of relay races. By integrating dynamic programming algorithm, Nash equilibrium, game theory model and improved whale optimization algorithm, this paper systematically analyzes the speed distribution law and tactical interaction mechanism in short distance (50 m), medium distance (100 m, 200 m) and relay races. The results show that sprint is the optimal strategy for short distance races, and "fast at both ends and uniform speed in the middle" should be adopted for medium and long distance races, while the relay race needs to consider the early performance of teammates and the dynamic adjustment of opponents. This study provides scientific decision basis for swimming training, which is helpful for athletes to maximize their potential and achieve breakthroughs in complex competition situations.