微载体旋转培养维持真皮毛乳头细胞特性的研究

Hair loss has become an increasingly prevalent issue, and traditional treatments such as pharmacological therapies and hair follicle transplantation show limited efficacy. Consequently, tissue-engineered hair follicle regeneration has emerged as a promising research focus. Dermal papilla (DP) cells play a pivotal role in hair follicle regeneration, but their biological characteristics are easily lost in traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems. In this study, sodium alginate-gelatin core-shell microcarriers were constructed and applied for rotating culture of DP cells. The preparation parameters of the microcarriers were optimized, revealing that microcarriers with a 1% calcium alginate core and 6% gelatin coating exhibited a regular morphology and uniform porosity, making them the most suitable for DP cell growth. Live/dead staining and CCK8 assays demonstrated the excellent biocompatibility of the microcarriers, achieving a 5.6-fold expansion efficiency after 7 days of culture. RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence results indicated that microcarrier culture significantly upregulated the expression of stemness-related genes (ALP, Versican, Sox-2, and β-catenin) while suppressing the expression of the differentiation marker α-SMA. This study provides a novel strategy for the efficient expansion and characteristic maintenance of DP cells, laying a technical foundation for the clinical translation of hair follicle regeneration therapy.