Temperature Mapping in Urban Biomes Using an Infrared Thermometer: An Investigative Approach to Physics Education

In recent years, the frequency of extreme weather events on Earth has increased significantly. This phenomenon is driven by the intensification of the greenhouse effect caused by anthropogenic activities, leading to temperature variations in urban environments that affect thermal comfort and quality of life. Given this context, the present study investigates temperature mapping in urban biomes using an infrared thermometer, conducted as part of a hands-on workshop offered during the 21st National Science and Technology Week. The initiative involved students from the public school system and was grounded in Physics education, aiming to foster scientific enculturation. Participants engaged in a problem-based learning experience, actively contributing to all stages of the knowledge construction process. The objective was to examine the relationship between vegetation presence and its impact on temperature in urban environments. A qualitative and quantitative methodological approach was adopted, enabling the identification of scientific literacy indicators such as information sequencing, data organization, logical reasoning, hypothesis formulation, justification, and explanation of observed phenomena. The analysis of students' statements and activity guidelines provided insights into their critical thinking development. The findings indicate that students developed essential skills for understanding physical and environmental phenomena, effectively linking collected data to scientific concepts and proposing well-supported interpretations. Moreover, the experience reinforced the perception of science as a dynamic and investigative process, fostering curiosity and enhancing students' argumentative abilities. Thus, the workshop proved to be an effective strategy for promoting scientific literacy and engaging participants in the study of environmental impacts in urban contexts.