不同滴灌施氮量对小麦生长发育和产量及水氮高效利用的影响

o clarify the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments under drip irrigation conditions on wheat yield, soil physical and chemical properties, and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency, and to provide a scientific basis for implementing drip irrigation for water and nitrogen reduction in the North China Plain. From 2021 to 2023, field experiments with different drip irrigation rates and nitrogen application rates were conducted in Gaoyang, Hebei Province for two consecutive years to study the effects of different drip irrigation rates and nitrogen application rates on the growth and development, yield, dry matter transport, nitrogen distribution and water nitrogen utilization efficiency of winter wheat. Different drip irrigation rates were the main area, and different nitrogen application rates were the sub-areas. Three nitrogen fertilizer treatments were set up, namely N1 (total nitrogen application of 150 kilograms per hectare), N2 (total nitrogen application of 210 kilograms per hectare), and N3 (total nitrogen application of 270 kilograms per hectare). The main research results are as follows: During the two years, the highest wheat yield was treated with D2N2, which was 10,273.2 kg/hm2 and 10,123.1 kg/hm2 respectively. The yield was extremely significantly affected by the irrigation amount and nitrogen application amount. From 2021 to 2022, under the same fertilization conditions, the yields of D1 and D2 were both higher than those of D3 treatment. Among them, D1 increased by 13.0%, 3.0%, and 10.1% respectively compared with D3. Under the same irrigation level, the trend among different nitrogen application treatments was N2 > N3 > N1. From 2022 to 2023, under the same irrigation level, the yield was shown as N2 > N1 > N3. The dry matter transshipment volume (DMT) and contribution rate to grains (CAAG) of pre-flowering nutritional organs were both the highest in the D2N2 treatment, which increased by 18.8%-121.7% and 7.3%-23.5% respectively compared with the low water nitrogen treatment. The trend of nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity performance was consistent over the two years, and there were significant differences among different water nitrogen treatments. Under the same irrigation conditions, it all shows N1 > N2 > N3. The trend of nitrogen absorption efficiency was consistent over the two years. The trend during both years was manifested as that under the same irrigation treatment, the nitrogen absorption efficiency decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amount. From 2021 to 2022, the nitrogen content of leaves in each treatment varied significantly. The nitrogen content of leaves in D2N2 was the highest, increasing by 7.7%-155.8% compared with other treatments. Under the irrigation levels of D1 and D2, the nitrogen content in wheat leaves showed that N2 and N3 were greater than N1. Under the irrigation levels of D1 and D2, the nitrogen content in wheat stems showed that N2 > N3 > N1. From 2022 to 2023, under the irrigation levels of D1 and D2, the nitrogen content in wheat stems showed as N3 > N1 > N2. Under the irrigation levels of D2 and D3, the nitrogen content of wheat grains was both shown as N3 > N1 > N2.