从废弃液晶显示器中选择性提取铟的研究现状及展望

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), renowned for its portability, low energy consumption, vibrant color rendering, and absence of electromagnetic radiation, has emerged as an indispensable mainstream display technology in the electronics industry. However, with the rapid iteration of electronic products, the environmentally sound recycling of LCD waste has become increasingly critical. The core component of LCD, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) conductive glass, derives its recycling value primarily from the extraction of strategic metals such as indium and tin. Although individual LCD devices contain limited indium quantities, future indium recovery from LCD waste is projected to be more economically viable compared to primary ores (1-100 ppm). Consequently, ITO glass recycling not only facilitates indium resource regeneration but also significantly mitigates environmental contamination risks. This review systematically summarizes global research progress in indium recovery methodologies from waste LCD, with particular emphasis on advancements in pretreatment stages (disassembly techniques) and indium extraction phase resource utilization technologies. Existing challenges in current recycling approaches are critically analyzed, and innovative directions for indium recovery processes from LCD waste are prospectively discussed.