水系可充镁电池电解质的研究进展

Under the global energy transition and energy storage innovation, rechargeable magnesium batteries have gained attention for their unique strengths. This review examines aqueous electrolyte advancements for such batteries. While traditional organic electrolytes pose safety and cost challenges, aqueous alternatives are safer and cheaper but limited by narrow electrochemical stability windows, side reactions, and anode passivation. Traditional inorganic salts offer affordability and high conductivity yet struggle with narrow stability. Water-in-salt electrolytes expand stability via high-concentration designs, with composite systems enhancing performance. Eutectic electrolytes excel in stability and conductivity, modifiable through electronic structure tuning. Gel electrolytes merge liquid and solid-state advantages, supporting flexible electronics with improved low-temperature and mechanical properties. Key challenges and future directions are outlined to advance practical applications.