Ordine privo di periodicit\`a: il fascino matematico delle tassellazioni

This is a review (in Italian) on aperiodic tilings of the plane intended for a general audience. First, we recall some basic results about lattices and periodic tilings. Then, we move on to one-dimensional (domino) tilings and Wang tilings. We present a beautiful proof of the existence of an aperiodic set of Wang prototiles due to J. Kari. Next, we discuss Penrose tilings and their properties. Finally, we briefly present the recent discovery by D. Smith and his collaborators of an aperiodic monotile.