小麦TaHAK9基因的克隆、生物信息学分析及低温应答特征研究

Wheatserves as a principal cereal crop in China. In recent years, the increasing trend of global warming has significantly amplified the frequency of extreme weather events, posing severe threats to wheat yield and quality. Potassium ions notably enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress by participating in photosynthesis, regulating osmotic and turgor pressures, and improving enzymatic activity. Members of the potassium transporter (HAK/KUP/KT) family enhance plant stress tolerance through modulation of potassium ion homeostasis. This study conducted bioinformatics analysis of TaHAK9 gene and investigated its expression patterns under low-temperature stress using qRT-PCR technology. Results demonstrated that: The TaHAK9 gene contains a cDNA sequence of 3,217 bp with 7 exons and 6 introns, encoding 782 amino acids. The encoded protein possesses 12 transmembrane domains, classifying it as a transmembrane protein. Its molecular formula is C3974H6206N1032O1083S42, with a molecular weight of 87.12 kDa, total atom count of 12,337, isoelectric point of 7.87, instability index of 38.74 (indicating stability), aliphatic index of 105.41, and grand average of hydropathicity of 0.338, characterizing it as a hydrophobic protein. TaHAK9 exhibited high expression levels in roots, leaves, and spikes. Following low-temperature stress, TaHAK9 expression showed significant upregulation in roots and leaves, demonstrating its involvement in low-temperature stress response mechanisms.