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From EHRs to Patient Pathways: Scalable Modeling of Longitudinal Health Trajectories with LLMs

From EHRs to Patient Pathways: Scalable Modeling of Longitudinal Health Trajectories with LLMs

来源:Arxiv_logoArxiv
英文摘要

Healthcare systems face significant challenges in managing and interpreting vast, heterogeneous patient data for personalized care. Existing approaches often focus on narrow use cases with a limited feature space, overlooking the complex, longitudinal interactions needed for a holistic understanding of patient health. In this work, we propose a novel approach to patient pathway modeling by transforming diverse electronic health record (EHR) data into a structured representation and designing a holistic pathway prediction model, EHR2Path, optimized to predict future health trajectories. Further, we introduce a novel summary mechanism that embeds long-term temporal context into topic-specific summary tokens, improving performance over text-only models, while being much more token-efficient. EHR2Path demonstrates strong performance in both next time-step prediction and longitudinal simulation, outperforming competitive baselines. It enables detailed simulations of patient trajectories, inherently targeting diverse evaluation tasks, such as forecasting vital signs, lab test results, or length-of-stay, opening a path towards predictive and personalized healthcare.

Chantal Pellegrini、Ege ?zsoy、David Bani-Harouni、Matthias Keicher、Nassir Navab

医学研究方法医学现状、医学发展

Chantal Pellegrini,Ege ?zsoy,David Bani-Harouni,Matthias Keicher,Nassir Navab.From EHRs to Patient Pathways: Scalable Modeling of Longitudinal Health Trajectories with LLMs[EB/OL].(2025-06-05)[2025-07-23].https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04831.点此复制

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