功能性负泊松比超材料研究进展与展望

Negative Poisson's ratio metamaterials, also known as "auxetic" metamaterials, are a type of mechanical metamaterial that exhibits special mechanical properties. When subjected to vertical pressure (tension), the structure undergoes lateral contraction (expansion). This characteristic is closely related to the topological arrangement of the structure, making auxetic metamaterials have broad application prospects in many fields. This article will discuss the progress in the research of functional auxetic metamaterials. First, this paper introduces the latest research findings in the static properties of auxetic metamaterials, including conventional stiffness enhancement, tunable Poisson's ratio, and unconventional deformation mechanisms, as well as the use of machine learning to customize structural performance. Then, it analyzes the latest achievements in shock/explosion resistance, vibration control, and other functional applications. Last, it discusses some problems in the current research on functional auxetic metamaterials. This paper provides some suggestions for future related research.