2024意大利《成人超重、肥胖和代谢合并症行为治疗抵抗的管理指南》解读与启示

Obesity is frequently accompanied by metabolism-related diseasesserving as a critical etiological factor or risk factor and being associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Effective weight reduction has been demonstrated to ameliorate or even alleviate these comorbidities. Howeverlifestyle interventions alone often yield suboptimal efficacyand behavioral resistance is often observed. In Chinathere are currently no specific guidelines targeting patients with behavioral resistance. In 2024the Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists released the Guidelines for the management of adult individuals with overweight and obesity and metabolic comorbidities that are resistant to behavioral treatmentgrounded in the latest evidence-based research. The guidelines primarily focus on pharmacological and surgical interventions in this patient population. This paperin conjunction with Chinese guidelinesdelves into the obesity evaluation and treatment strategies from the Italian guidelinesaiming to offer a reference for managing Chinese overweight or obese patients with behavioral resistance.