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后悔情绪及其调节

Regret and its regulation

靳帅 1刘思佳 2李爽 3刘志远 1郭秀艳2

1. 陕西师范大学心理学院 2. 复旦大学老龄研究院;复旦大学国家发展与智能治理综合实验室 3. 南京林业大学马克思主义学院

当决策失误而错失良机时,人们往往体验到后悔情绪。长期沉浸在后悔情绪中不仅损害心理健康,还会使决策产生偏差。因此,后悔情绪及其调节受到了研究者们的普遍关注。研究者们常常在实验室情境下利用任务范式对后悔情绪进行诱发,基于决策行为、主观感受等行为学指标构建后悔情绪的认知理论,基于脑活动、脑功能连接等神经指标探讨后悔情绪的神经机制。针对行为指标与神经指标的测量进一步证实了认知重评、注意分配、事前预期等认知调节方法与tDCS、TMS等神经调控技术在缓解后悔情绪上的有效性。未来研究可以从日常生活中后悔情绪的测量与调节、后悔情绪调节的神经振荡机制等方面进行深入探索,在厘清后悔情绪神经机制基础上施加个性化的神经调控方法,从而对心理健康维护和降低决策偏差等提供启示和借鉴。

生理学

后悔情绪后悔调节神经机制神经调控

靳帅,刘思佳,李爽,刘志远,郭秀艳.后悔情绪及其调节[EB/OL].(2025-08-11)[2025-10-04].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202508.00214.点此复制

Regret arises when individuals recognize that alternative choices could have yielded more favorable outcomes. Prolonged engagement with regret not only undermines psychological well-being but also biases subsequent decision-making. As such, regret and its regulation have become prominent topics of empirical investigation. In experimental settings, researchers commonly employ behavioral paradigms to elicit regret, using decision patterns and subjective reports to inform cognitive models, and measures of neural activity and functional connectivity to elucidate underlying neural mechanisms. Converging evidence indicates that both cognitive strategies (e.g., cognitive reappraisal, attentional deployment, anticipation before decision-making) and neuromodulation techniques (e.g., transcranial direct current stimulation [tDCS], transcranial magnetic stimulation [TMS]) are effective in attenuating regret. Future research could profitably examine the assessment and regulation of regret in real-world contexts and explore the neural oscillatory dynamics that support its regulation. A more precise understanding of the neurobiological substrates of regret could enable the development of personalized neuromodulation interventions, with implications for enhancing mental health and reducing decision-making biases.

regretregret regulationneural mechanismneural modulation

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