Dichography: Two-frame Ultrafast Imaging from a Single Diffraction Pattern
Dichography: Two-frame Ultrafast Imaging from a Single Diffraction Pattern
X-ray free-electron lasers can nowadays deliver pairs of ultrabright, ultrashort light pulses with controllable delays at different photon energies. When combined with diffraction experiments, the interaction of these pulses with a sample at different times can produce two snapshots of an evolving system, enabling spatial and temporal resolution of ultrafast dynamics in nanomatter at and beyond the terahertz time scale. However, light detectors are orders of magnitude slower. The diffraction signals from the two pulses overlap in the recorded data and cannot be separated using currently available analysis methods. Here, we address this challenge by introducing Dichography, a diffraction imaging technique that restores the two unique views of the sample from superimposed scattering signals. We apply Dichography to experimental diffraction patterns of isolated xenon-doped superfluid helium nanodroplets, imaged using time-delayed, two-color X-ray pulses at intensities near the detection limit. The reconstructed images provide evidence of the survival of the xenon structures up to 750 fs after the interaction with the first shot. The capabilities of Dichography are further explored by applying the method to data from a second experiment, in which we retrieve the images of two distinct silver nanoparticles intercepted by the same light pulse. Dichography enables a new class of experiments for spatially and temporally resolving ultrafast phenomena, making a significant step toward the original promise of X-ray free-electron lasers to capture ultrafast movies of nanomatter.
Linos Hecht、Andre Al Haddad、Björn Bastian、Thomas M. Baumann、Johan Bielecki、Christoph Bostedt、Subhendu De、Alberto De Fanis、Simon Dold、Thomas Fennel、Fanny Goy、Christina Graf、Robert Hartmann、Georg Jakobs、Maximilian Joschko、Gregor Knopp、Katharina Kolatzki、Sivarama Krishnan、Björn Kruse、Asbjørn Ø. Lægdsmand、Bruno Langbehn、Suddhasattwa Mandal、Tommaso Mazza、Michael Meyer、Christian Peltz、Thomas Pfeifer、Safi Rafie-Zinedine、Antoine Sarracini、Mario Sauppe、Florian Schenk、Kirsten Schnorr、Björn Senfftleben、Keshav Sishodia、Frank Stienkemeier、Zhibin Sun、Rico Mayro P. Tanyag、Paul Tümmler、Sergey Usenko、Carl Frederic Ussling、Vanessa Wood、Xinhua Xie、Maksym Yarema、Olesya Yarema、Nuri Yazdani、Hankai Zhang、Bernd von Issendorff、Yevheniy Ovcharenko、Marcel Mudrich、Daniela Rupp、Alessandro Colombo
物理学粒子探测技术、辐射探测技术、核仪器仪表自然科学现状自然科学调查、自然科学考察
Linos Hecht,Andre Al Haddad,Björn Bastian,Thomas M. Baumann,Johan Bielecki,Christoph Bostedt,Subhendu De,Alberto De Fanis,Simon Dold,Thomas Fennel,Fanny Goy,Christina Graf,Robert Hartmann,Georg Jakobs,Maximilian Joschko,Gregor Knopp,Katharina Kolatzki,Sivarama Krishnan,Björn Kruse,Asbjørn Ø. Lægdsmand,Bruno Langbehn,Suddhasattwa Mandal,Tommaso Mazza,Michael Meyer,Christian Peltz,Thomas Pfeifer,Safi Rafie-Zinedine,Antoine Sarracini,Mario Sauppe,Florian Schenk,Kirsten Schnorr,Björn Senfftleben,Keshav Sishodia,Frank Stienkemeier,Zhibin Sun,Rico Mayro P. Tanyag,Paul Tümmler,Sergey Usenko,Carl Frederic Ussling,Vanessa Wood,Xinhua Xie,Maksym Yarema,Olesya Yarema,Nuri Yazdani,Hankai Zhang,Bernd von Issendorff,Yevheniy Ovcharenko,Marcel Mudrich,Daniela Rupp,Alessandro Colombo.Dichography: Two-frame Ultrafast Imaging from a Single Diffraction Pattern[EB/OL].(2025-09-01)[2025-09-06].https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20153.点此复制
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