自主语言转换中的双语控制机制及影响因素

Voluntary language switching refers to the language switching that occurs spontaneously among bilinguals. Compared with forced language switching, the costs of voluntary switching can be significantly reduced or even eliminated in contexts with greater freedom of choice or when switching is driven by bottom-up lexical access. Neuroimaging studies suggest that voluntary switching may engage the inhibitory control network to a lesser extent and additionally involves brain mechanisms related to self-generated intentions. The bilingual control mechanism in voluntary switching is closely related to second language proficiency, context, and individual executive control ability. Future research on voluntary language switching should integrate individual and contextual factors to develop more refined and dynamic models, combine real-world behavioral patterns with laboratory measures to deepen the investigation of the underlying neural mechanisms, conduct longitudinal studies and pay attention to the production-comprehension interactions. Such efforts may help to promote the transformation of voluntary language switching into cognitive benefits, fluid communication and effective learning.