生鲜产品车辆分配与路径优化联合调度研究
Research on Joint Scheduling of Vehicle Allocation and Route Optimization for Fresh Produce Transportation
针对生鲜物流配送中资源利用率与经济性难以协同优化的问题，本文以武汉市盒马鲜生高波动订单配送场景为背景，构建了一种以最小化车辆装载率标准差和总配送成本为双目标的生鲜产品配送车辆调度与路径联合优化模型。设计了一种融合动态邻域搜索机制的基因重组算法，该算法采用整数编码表示需求点序列，通过动态载重约束解码生成车辆分配方案，并引入最近邻策略优化路径规划；进一步采用目标差值归一化和适应度函数引导种群进化。实验结果表明，所提出模型与算法能够有效协同优化装载率与配送成本，实现车辆装载率超过96%、配送成本降低26.8%，所得解集在收敛性与分布性方面均表现良好，为生鲜物流配送中的资源均衡配置与路径经济性优化提供了新的解决方案。
交通运输经济综合运输公路运输工程
物流管理车辆调度路径优化基因重组算法
孟胜男,汪勇,张洪.生鲜产品车辆分配与路径优化联合调度研究[EB/OL].(2025-09-11)[2025-09-18].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202509-11.点此复制
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to coordinate and optimize the resource utilization and economy in fresh food logistics distribution, this paper takes the high-fluctuation order distribution scenario of Hema Fresh in Wuhan as the background and constructs a joint optimization model for vehicle scheduling and routing of fresh food products with the dual objectives of minimizing the standard deviation of vehicle loading rate and total distribution cost. A genetic recombination algorithm integrating a dynamic neighborhood search mechanism is designed. This algorithm uses integer coding to represent the sequence of demand points, generates vehicle allocation schemes through dynamic load constraints decoding, and introduces the nearest neighbor strategy to optimize the route planning. Further, the target difference normalization and fitness function are adopted to guide the evolution of the population. The experimental results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively coordinate and optimize the loading rate and distribution cost, achieving a vehicle loading rate of over 96% and a 26.8% reduction in distribution cost. The obtained solution set performs well in terms of convergence and distribution, providing a new solution for the balanced allocation of resources and the economic optimization of routes in fresh food logistics distribution.
Logistics managementVehicle schedulingRoute optimizationGene recombination algorithm
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