新能源汽车供应链基于专利竞合策略选择研究
Research on patent co-opetition strategy selection in a new energy vehicle supply chain
动力电池技术水平直接影响新能源汽车的性能与市场竞争力。本文研究新能源汽车供应链中，具有竞合关系的动力电池供应商与新能源汽车制造商在研发合作中的策略选择，分析两种模式：专利许可竞合（PL）与专利共创竞合（PC）。在PL模式中，动力电池供应商进行研发投入，将动力电池的专利技术使用权出售给新能源汽车制造商；在PC模式中，新能源汽车制造商和动力电池供应商共同创新研发动力电池关键技术，以便更好地适应自家车型的设计和需要。通过分析两种竞合模式下的均衡结果，探究供应链成员的竞合策略选择问题。研究发现：（1）产品替代度、动力电池研发成本系数和研发努力效果系数均会影响供应链成员的最优决策和竞合模式选择；（2）对于新能源汽车制造商而言，选择PC模式是最优策略；对于动力电池供应商而言，选择PL模式是最优策略；（3）对于整个供应链而言，竞合策略的选择与产品替代度有关。当产品替代度较低时，选择PC模式最优；反之，选择PL模式最优。
能源动力工业经济能源概论、动力工程概论
新能源汽车供应链动力电池研发专利许可竞合专利共创竞合
朱梦萍,王朋利,黎继子.新能源汽车供应链基于专利竞合策略选择研究[EB/OL].(2025-09-11)[2025-09-18].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202509-12.点此复制
The technical level of power batteries directly affects the performance and market competitiveness of new energy vehicle (NEV). This paper studies the strategy choices in research cooperation between the power battery supplier and the NEV manufacturer with co-opetition relationship in the NEV supply chain, analyzing two models: patent licensing co-opetition (PL) and patent co-creation co-opetition (PC). In PL mode, the power battery supplier invests in R&D, and sells the right to use the patented technology of the power battery to the NEV manufacturer. In PC mode, the NEV manufacturer and the power battery supplier jointly develop key technologies of the power battery in order to better adapt to the design and needs of his own NEVs. By analyzing the equilibrium results under the two co-opetition models, it explores the co-opetition strategy selection issues of supply chain members. The study finds that: (1) product substitutability, power battery R&D cost coefficient, and R&D effort effect coefficient all affect the optimal decisions and co-opetition model choices of supply chain members; (2) for the NEV manufacturer, choosing the PC model is the optimal strategy; for the power battery supplier, choosing the PL model is the optimal strategy; (3) for the entire supply chain, the choice of co-opetition strategies is related to product substitutability. When the product substitutability is low, choosing the PC model is optimal; conversely, choosing the PL model is optimal.
New energy vehicle supply chainresearch and development of power batteriespatent licensing co-opetitionpatent co-creation co-opetition
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