Enabling atom-clad waveguide operation in a microfabricated alkali vapor-photonic integrated circuit
Rahul Shrestha Khoi Tuan Hoang Peter Riley Roy Zektzer Daron Westly Paul Lett Matthew T. Hummon Kartik Srinivasan
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Abstract
Integrating alkali atomic vapors with nanophotonic devices offers a scalable route to quantum technologies that leverage strong atom-photon interactions. While there have been many approaches to such integration, the general reliance on traditional glass vapor cells, distilled alkali metals, and epoxy sealing limits reproducibility and scalability. Moreover, mitigating adverse Rb-photonics interactions is essential, particularly as devices become more compact and the alkali source lies in close proximity to the photonic elements. Here, we demonstrate the successful operation of compact and fully integrated devices that combine silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with microfabricated borosilicate vapor cells and pill-type rubidium (Rb) dispensers through hermetic seals via anodic bonding. We show how successful operation hinges on optically activating the dispenser in a low-power pulsed mode, releasing controlled amounts of Rb vapor on demand while mitigating photonic degradation. Simultaneously, a counter-propagating desorption laser completely suppresses Rb-induced losses and enables waveguide-based atomic vapor spectroscopy. Using this approach, we demonstrate repeatable control of vapor density by tuning activation pulse length, duty cycle, and device temperature. These results establish a compact, manufacturable, and scalable vapor-PIC device, and set the stage for future demonstrations in cavity quantum electrodynamics, quantum nonlinear optics, and chip-scale atomic sensors.引用本文复制引用
Rahul Shrestha,Khoi Tuan Hoang,Peter Riley,Roy Zektzer,Daron Westly,Paul Lett,Matthew T. Hummon,Kartik Srinivasan.Enabling atom-clad waveguide operation in a microfabricated alkali vapor-photonic integrated circuit[EB/OL].(2025-12-22)[2026-01-17].https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19852.学科分类
物理学/光电子技术/电子技术应用
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