基于非言语线索的面孔可信度印象动态更新及社会距离的调节作用
The dynamic pattern of nonverbal-cues-based facial trustworthiness impression updating: The role of social distance
何婷婷 1吴天朗 2高晓岚 3季琭妍 2陈文锋3
作者信息
- 1. 中国人民大学;四川省绵阳中学
- 2. 广州大学
- 3. 中国人民大学
- 折叠
摘要
在人际互动中，面孔特征和情境因素等非言语线索对人的知觉至关重要。但以往的面孔印象更新研究忽略了非言语线索，且鲜少关注心理社会因素对面孔印象更新的影响。本研究使用经典的印象更新范式和想象范式，结合眼动技术，为非言语线索面孔印象更新的模式、以及评价者/目标–线索社会距离对其的调节作用及其认知机制，提供了新的实证证据。结果显示：(1)基于非言语线索的面孔可信度印象更新呈同化对比动态变化模式。(2)评价者/目标–线索社会距离总体上均对面孔可信度印象产生跨维度同化效应。(3)评价者–线索社会距离和目标–线索社会距离均只能通过“目标–线索相对注意值”来间接影响面孔可信度印象更新，且二者均主要影响可信度印象提升程度。
Abstract
Most of the previous studies about facial impression updating were focused on verbal cues, and the patterns of nonverbal-cues-based facial impression updating with the changes of target-cue similarity are still inconsistent. Meanwhile, since most of the previous studies focused on the physical traits of targets and cues(i.e., target-cue similarity), while rarely focusing on the effects of psycho-social factors on facial impression updating, the effects of the social distance between the evaluators/targets and the nonverbal cues and its cognitive mechanisms are also not clear yet.Consequently, the present study adopted the classical impression updating paradigm, in which we present the target alone first and then present the target and the nonverbal cues together, and the difference between the participants two target ratings is used as a measurement of facial impression updating, and the imagination paradigm is added between these two ratings as a manipulation of social distance. Combined with eye-tracking technology, in two experiments, we provided empirical evidence to answer the aforementioned research questions. In order to make a better comparison to previous research on verbal-cues-based facial impression updating, we explored the patterns of nonverbal-cues-based facial impression updating in the trustworthiness dimension. Experiment 1(N = 53) explored the effect of the social distance between evaluators and cues on facial trustworthiness impression updating first, Experiment 2(N = 51) directly explored the effect of the social distance between targets and cues.First of all, the results of these two experiments consistently showed that: 1) Unlike previous studies on verbal-cues-based facial impression updating that only showed assimilation effects, nonverbal-cues-based facial trustworthiness impression updating showed a dynamic change pattern of assimilation and contrast. 2) Overall, the social distance between evaluators/targets and cues both had a cross-dimensional assimilation effect on the impressions of facial trustworthiness . But specifically, the cross-dimensional contrast effect was also existed. 3) Except for the direct cross-dimensional effect, the social distance between evaluators/targets and cues also affected the update degree of the facial trustworthiness impressions that were made by nonverbal cues, i.e., the closer group had a higher degree of impression enhancement. Secondly, We found some differences in the results of these two experiments, mainly on the the mechanisms of how social distance affects the degree of nonverbal-cues-based facial impression updating: We found that whether it is the social distance between evaluators and cues or the social distance between targets and cues, both can only affect facial impression updating by affecting the relative attention between targets and cues (with the former mediated by the difference between the fixation duration of targets eyes and cues eyes, and the latter by the noses), and both of them mainly affect the degree of trustworthiness impression enhancement.All in all, the current study provides new evidence for the dynamic pattern of nonverbal-cues-based facial impression updating and the influence of social distance on them, as well as its cognitive mechanisms. In the triangle system of "evaluator-target-cue", future research could further explore the dynamic updating of facial impressions from the perspective of purifying the manipulation of static social distance, adding dynamic social interactions, and exploring its neurophysiological mechanisms, etc.关键词
面孔印象更新/非言语线索/面孔可信度/社会距离/眼动Key words
Facial impression updating/Nonverbal cues/Facial trustworthiness/Social distance/Eye-tracking引用本文复制引用
何婷婷,吴天朗,高晓岚,季琭妍,陈文锋.基于非言语线索的面孔可信度印象动态更新及社会距离的调节作用[EB/OL].(2026-01-05)[2026-01-09].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202601.00064.学科分类
科学、科学研究
评论