新型电力系统动强度与构网：定义、量化和判据
Dynamic Strength and Grid-Forming in New Power Systems: Definitions, Quantification, and Criteria
摘要
针对高比例电力电子电力系统呈现“稳而不强”特性，以及传统渐近稳定性理论在刻画瞬态安全边界方面的局限，本文构建了新型电力系统动强度的概念架构与理论体系。研究基于非线性控制理论中的输入输出状态稳定性，在结构空间内确立了动强度的严格数学描述，揭示了在带宽竞争机制下，系统渐近稳定性（收敛速度）与动强度（抗扰裕度）之间存在的解耦乃至制约关系。在此理论基础上，本文构建了涵盖小扰动频域结构化鲁棒性能与大扰动时域多尺度安全裕度的多维量化体系；并引入“特征子系统”作为保持互联结构的降维映射工具，推导了可工程化应用的广义短路比指标，实现了从高维理论分析到低维工程判据的有效转化。此外，还基于动强度净增益提出了构网型装备的本质内涵与辨识准则，旨在为新型电力系统的规划补强与构网型控制技术应用提供坚实的理论支撑。
Abstract
To address the "stable but weak" vulnerability in power systems with high power electronics penetrationwhere traditional asymptotic stability theory fails to fully characterize transient safety boundariesthis paper establishes a comprehensive theoretical framework for "Dynamic Strength". Drawing on Input-Output-to-State Stability (IOSS) and Input-to-State Stability (ISS) theories, we formulate a rigorous mathematical description of dynamic strength within the structural space. This analysis reveals the decoupling, and often conflicting, relationship between asymptotic stability (convergence speed) and dynamic strength (disturbance rejection margin) arising from bandwidth competition mechanisms. Building on this foundation, we construct a multi-dimensional quantification system that encompasses frequency-domain structured robust performance under small disturbances and multi-scale safety margins under large disturbances. Furthermore, by introducing the "characteristic subsystem" as a dimensionality-reduction tool that preserves interconnection structures, we derive the Generalized Short Circuit Ratio (gSCR). This metric facilitates the transformation of high-dimensional theoretical analysis into practical, low-dimensional engineering criteria. Ultimately, based on the net gain of dynamic strength, we propose the core principles and identification criteria for grid-forming equipment, providing a theoretical basis for system planning, reinforcement, and the application of grid-forming control technologies in new power systems.关键词
动强度Key words
Dynamic Strength引用本文复制引用
辛焕海.新型电力系统动强度与构网：定义、量化和判据[EB/OL].(2026-01-10)[2026-01-12].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202601.00004.学科分类
电工基础理论/发电、发电厂/输配电工程/高电压技术/电气测量技术、电气测量仪器
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