家庭健康内涵和测量工具的研究进展
Progress in Research on the Conceptualization and Measurement of Family Health
王天然 1刘文文 1王一然 1闫辰聿 1梁万年2
作者信息
- 1. 100084 北京市，清华大学万科公共卫生与健康学院;100084 北京市，清华大学健康中国研究院
- 2. 100084 北京市，清华大学健康中国研究院;518055 深圳市，南方科技大学全科医学院
- 折叠
摘要
家庭是社会的基本单元，是个体成长的重要场所，对个体身心健康具有重要影响。围绕家庭健康内涵和测量工具开展综述性研究是构建家庭健康服务体系，持续提升家庭健康水平，发挥家庭健康支撑人口高质量发展作用的重要任务。本文系统梳理了家庭健康的内涵，重点阐述家庭健康与健康家庭等相关概念的关系，分阶段分析家庭健康测量工具的发展情况。家庭健康指的是家庭维护和促进家庭成员健康的能力，其内涵经历了从内部向外部、从整体向个体的延伸。家庭健康是建设健康家庭的重要路径，健康家庭是家庭健康达到一定水平的表征。2020年之前的家庭健康测量工具多适用于特定人群，或用于测量家庭健康的部分维度。2020年以来的家庭健康测量工具在适用人群和评价维度两方面得到进一步发展，形成两种适用于多种人群、包含多个评价维度的家庭健康量表。目前，在中国人群中应用最多的家庭健康量表包括情感健康、健康生活方式、健康资源、外部社会支持4个维度，并被应用于中国居民心理与行为调查。尽管具有较高的信效度，但该量表改编自外国学者开发的家庭健康量表，仍需进一步结合相关政策、婚育观念、家风家教等中国国情和中华文化因素，进而形成更能反映我国人口特征的家庭健康量表。
Abstract
Family is the basic unit of society and a crucial environment for the development of people, significantly impacting people's physical and mental health. Conducting reviews on the concept and measurement tools of family health is an important task in building the family health service system, continuously improving family health levels, and supporting the role of family health in promoting high-quality development of population. This paper comprehensively reviews the concept of family health, interprets the difference and relationship between family health and related concepts such as a healthy family, and analyzes the development of family health measurement tools in stages. Family health refers to the ability of family to maintain and promote the health of its members. Its concept extended from internal to external factors, and from the whole to individual factors. Family health is a crucial pathway to building healthy families, and healthy family is an indicator suggesting family health has reached a certain level. Before 2020, measurement tools of family health were often applicable to specific population groups or used to measure certain dimensions of family health. Since 2020, these tools have developed further in terms of applicable population groups and dimensions, resulting in two types of family health scales suitable for various population groups and encompassing multiple dimensions. Currently, the most widely used family health scales among the Chinese population include four dimensions: health processes, healthy lifestyle, health resources, and social support. This scale has been employed in surveys of Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents. Although the scale has high reliability and validity, they are adapted from the scale developed by foreign scholars. There is a need to further consider relevant policies, marriage and childbirth concepts, family traditions, and other factors related to China's national conditions and Chinese cultural elements to develop family health scales that better reflect the characteristics of the Chinese population.关键词
家庭/家庭健康/健康家庭/家庭功能/家庭结构引用本文复制引用
王天然,刘文文,王一然,闫辰聿,梁万年.家庭健康内涵和测量工具的研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-02-02)[2026-02-05].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202602.00106.学科分类
预防医学/医学研究方法
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