社会性注意的同类别和跨类别序列依赖效应
Serial dependence for same-category and cross-category stimuli in social attention
王达 1杨志豪 1梅高兴1
作者信息
- 1. 江苏师范大学教育科学学院心理学系，徐州，221116
- 折叠
摘要
序列依赖效应是指个体当前的感知判断会偏向于先前感知的刺激历史，这一效应对于个体在动态、嘈杂的环境中维持感知的连续性具有重要作用。序列依赖效应不仅广泛存在于低水平的刺激特征上(如光栅朝向)，而且被发现也存在于社会性注意的同类别社会线索(如眼睛注视方向)的加工中。社会性注意是个体通过他人的眼神等社会线索感知他人注意焦点并推断他人意图的一种能力。同样的社会性注意可以由不同的社会线索传递，目前尚不清楚序列依赖效应是否存在于跨类别的社会线索之间。研究采用“诱导刺激”范式，通过2个实验(含4个子实验)探讨了社会注意中的同类别与跨类别序列依赖效应。结果发现，同类别社会线索之间存在序列依赖效应(实验1a)，且这一效应受情绪背景的调节(实验1b)；跨类别社会线索之间也存在序列依赖效应(实验2a)，但这一效应在非社会线索和社会线索之间并未被发现(实验2b)。这些研究结果揭示了社会性注意的时间整合是基于抽象的社会表征信息加工，这为理解社会注意的动态整合机制提供了新视角。
Abstract
Serial dependence refers to a phenomenon in which current perceptual judgments are biased toward the recent past. This effect plays an elemental role in maintaining perceptual continuity in changing and noisy visual environments. Serial dependence is widely found not only for low-level stimulus features (e.g., grating direction), but also operates within high-level social cues (e.g., eye gaze direction) in social attention. Social attention refers to the ability to detect others focus of attention and infer their intentions through social cues such as eye gaze. Although different social cues (e.g., eye gaze direction and biological motion direction) vary in their perceptual features, they can convey the same information about others intentions and effectively recruit social attention. However, whether the serial dependence effect could occur between different categories of social cues remains largely unknown. To this end, the present study used an inducer paradigm in four experiments to investigate whether the same-category and cross-category serial dependence could exist in social attention.Experiment 1a (27 participants) examined whether the serial dependence effect could exist between social cues of the same category (i.e., eye gaze direction). In each trial, an inducer stimulus (extremely leftward or rightward gaze direction), a reference stimulus (straight gaze), and a probe stimulus (randomly selected from seven levels of eye gaze directions ranging from 40% to +40% with a 13.3% step) were sequentially presented. Participants were then asked to judge which stimulus, the reference or probe, was perceived more leftward or rightward. Using the same task as Experiment 1a, Experiment 1b (24 participants) investigated whether an emotional valence (happy/angry) could modulate the same-category serial dependence in social attention. In this experiment, the inducer, reference, and probe stimuli could each be either happy or angry. Crucially, within a given trial, the emotional valence was held constant across all three stimuli. Experiment 2a (27 participants) investigated whether a serial dependence effect between different categories of social cues could exist. The same task as that in Experiment 1a was used except that the inducer stimulus was replaced with a biological motion stimulus (leftward or rightward). Experiment 2b (27 participants) used a non-social cue (i.e., arrow) as the inducer stimulus to further examine whether the cross-category serial dependence effect could exist between social and non-social cues.The results of Experiment 1a revealed a significant attractive serial dependence between eye gaze directions. Specifically, individuals judgments of the current reference stimulus were biased toward the gaze direction of the previously perceived inducer stimulus. Consistent with previous studies, this finding thereby supported the existence of a serial dependence effect in the perception of eye gaze direction. Moreover, the serial dependence effect was modulated by facial emotional valence of eye gaze (Experiment 1b), with stronger serial dependence observed under the angry condition compared to the happy condition. Notably, the results of Experiment 2a showed that the direction of biological motion also induced an attractive serial dependence in judgments of gaze direction, indicating that serial dependence occurred across different categories of social cues. This experiment provided the first evidence for the cross-category serial dependence in social attention. However, although arrow direction (a non-social cue) shares similar directional properties with eye gaze, the serial dependence effect did not emerge when the arrow was used as the inducer stimulus (Experiment 2b).Taken together, our current findings suggested that serial dependence effects in social attention existed not only between same-category social cues, but also between different- category social cues. However, the effect did not appear between social and non-social cues. These results indicate that the serial dependence effect in social attention arises from higher-order social information rather than low-level directional cues.关键词
序列依赖效应/社会性注意/眼睛注视方向/生物运动Key words
serial dependence/social attention/eye gaze/biological motion引用本文复制引用
王达,杨志豪,梅高兴.社会性注意的同类别和跨类别序列依赖效应[EB/OL].(2026-02-12)[2026-02-15].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202602.00158.学科分类
生物科学理论、生物科学方法
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