Why does life move? Why does it age? Why must it reproduce? Why does it need to perceive, judge, and care about certain things while ignoring others? Existing definitions of life enumerate these features but do not explain why they must co-occur. This paper attempts to demonstrate that they are successive inferences along a single causal chain. Starting from two axioms, namely that life and non-life are not equivalent and that both obey the same physical laws, and supplemented by background assumptions including the second law of thermodynamics and the metastable window, the paper derives the following: a system that maintains organizational constraints must necessarily do work; doing work requires direction; direction requires a signaling system and a value ordering; and the recursive dilemma of self-repair makes aging inevitable, which in turn makes reproduction the necessary choice for informational continuity. Metabolism, perception, value judgment, emotion, and meaning are thereby transformed from empirical observations into logical inferences. The framework provides a structural equation (dP/dt = η · C_V · Φ · d_P − γ · P) and offers structural criteria for distinguishing life from current artificial intelligence.
关键词
生命定义/生命起源/约束函数/衰老机制/繁殖/自创生/自由能原理/耗散结构/约束闭合/人工智能
Key words
Life definition/ origin of life/ constraint function/ aging mechanism/ reproduction/ autopoiesis/ free energy principle/ dissipative structures/ constraint closure/ artificial intelligence
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