播期和行距对冬小麦根系和耗水特征的影响
Effects of Sowing Date and Row Spacing on Root System and Water Consumption Characteristics of Winter Wheat
黄心沁 1尹宝重 2甄文超1
作者信息
- 1. 河北农业大学农学院
- 2. 河北农业大学植物保护学院
- 折叠
摘要
为明确根系形态对冬小麦水分利用效率和产量的影响，本研究采用随机区组实验设计，设置了适播（SD1）、适期晚播（SD2）和晚播（SD3）三个播期和15 cm等行距、7.5 cm等行距、匀播三种行距，研究了播期和行距对冬小麦根系空间分布、根系生理特性、水分利用特征和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，同一行距下，SD2处理的根系活力、根系可溶性蛋白含量、产量和水分利用效率最高，分别增加了6.57%、11.59%、10.88%和10.54%。同一播期下，匀播处理的根系空间分布更为均匀，其根重密度在植株中心、1/4处和1/2处的根重密度分别占总根重密度的37.91%、33.70%和28.39%，同时根系活力、根系可溶性蛋白含量、产量和水分利用效率最高，分别增加了24.51%、27.72%、11.66%和16.75%。综上，适期晚播结合匀播处理有利于促进根系均匀分布，从而提高产量和水分利用效率。
Abstract
To clarify the impact of root morphology on water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat, this study used a randomized complete block experimental design, with three sowing dates: optimal sowing (SD1), timely late sowing (SD2), and late sowing (SD3), and three row spacing: 15 cm equal rows, 7.5 cm equal rows, and broadcast sowing. The study investigated the effects of sowing date and row spacing on the spatial distribution of the root system, root physiological characteristics, water use traits, and grain yield of winter wheat. The results showed that under the same row spacing, the SD2 treatment had the highest root vitality, root soluble protein content, yield, and water use efficiency, which increased by 6.57%, 11.59%, 10.88%, and 10.54%, respectively. Under the same sowing date, the broadcast treatment had a more uniform root spatial distribution, with root weight density at the plant center, 1/4 position, and 1/2 position accounting for 37.91%, 33.70%, and 28.39% of the total root weight density, respectively. At the same time, root vitality, root soluble protein content, yield, and water use efficiency were the highest, increasing by 24.51%, 27.72%, 11.66%, and 16.75%, respectively. In summary, timely late sowing combined with broadcast sowing is beneficial for promoting uniform root distribution, thereby improving yield and water use efficiency.关键词
冬小麦/根系特征/耗水特性/籽粒产量/水分利用效率Key words
winter wheat/root characteristics/water consumption characteristics/grain yield/water use efficiency引用本文复制引用
黄心沁,尹宝重,甄文超.播期和行距对冬小麦根系和耗水特征的影响[EB/OL].(2026-03-23)[2026-03-25].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202603-214.学科分类
农业科学研究/农作物
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