家庭因素与儿童执行功能的关系：系列元分析
The relationship between family factors and children’s executive function: A series of meta-analyses
摘要
为考察家庭投资模型和家庭压力模型关于家庭因素影响儿童执行功能的预测作用，本研究用三水平元分析技术对154项研究（612个效应量）进行分析，结果发现：(1)家庭认知刺激(r = 0.146) 、养育风格(r积极=0.169；r消极=－0.128)与儿童执行功能的关系比父母心理困扰(r =–0.102)与儿童执行功能的关系更为密切。(2)与问卷法和视频法相比，采用家访法测量的家庭认知刺激与儿童执行功能的效应量更大。(3)当采用间接测量方式测量儿童执行功能时，父母心理困扰、积极养育风格、消极养育风格分别与儿童执行功能的效应量，要显著高于采用直接测量方式时的效应量。(4)家庭认知刺激、父母心理困扰及养育风格均分别与冷、热执行功能存在显著相关，但执行功能类型（冷执行功能vs热执行功能）未显著调节上述家庭因素与儿童执行功能之间的关系。(5)年龄等变量在上述家庭因素与儿童执行功能的关系中未出现显著的调节效应。本研究结果有助于说明家庭认知刺激、养育风格与父母心理困扰在儿童执行功能发展中的相对作用，为整合家庭投资模型和家庭压力模型提供依据，同时为儿童执行功能的家庭干预提供了参考依据。
Abstract
To examine the predictive roles of family factors proposed by the Family Investment Model and the Family Stress Model in childrens executive function, the present study conducted a three level meta-analysis of 154 studies comprising 612 effect sizes. The results indicated that:(1) family cognitive stimulation (r = 0.146) and parenting style (rpositive = 0.169; rnegative = 0.128) were more strongly associated with childrens executive function than parental psychological distress (r = 0.102); (2) when family cognitive stimulation was assessed through home visits, its association with childrens executive function was significantly stronger than when assessed via questionnaires or video-based methods; (3)when childrens executive function was measured using indirect measures, the associations of parental psychological distress, positive parenting style, and negative parenting style with executive function were significantly stronger than those obtained using direct performance-based measures; (4)Family cognitive stimulation, parental psychological distress, and parenting style were significantly associated with both cool and hot executive function; however, the type of executive function (cool vs. hot) did not significantly moderate these associations. (5)variables such as age did not significantly moderate the associations between family factors and childrens executive function. Overall, these findings help clarify the relative roles of family cognitive stimulation, parenting style, and parental psychological distress in the development of childrens executive function, provide empirical support for integrating the Family Investment Model and the Family Stress Model, and offer important implications for family-based interventions targeting executive function development.关键词
家庭认知刺激/父母心理困扰/养育风格/执行功能/三水平元分析Key words
cognitive stimulation/parental psychological distress/parenting style/executive function/three level meta-analysis引用本文复制引用
黄英航,盖笑松,许洁.家庭因素与儿童执行功能的关系：系列元分析[EB/OL].(2026-03-23)[2026-03-25].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202603.00130.学科分类
教育/科学、科学研究
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