铂基催化剂稳定性提升研究进展
Research progress Research Progress on the Stability of Pt-based Catalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reactions
张蓉 1陈四国1
作者信息
- 1. 重庆大学化学化工学院，重庆，401331
- 折叠
摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFCs）因其具有高能量密度与清洁排放特性被视为极具前景的新能源装置，阴极氧还原反应（ORR）是决定PEMFCs长期稳定性性能的关键。目前，Pt基催化剂被用作ORR催化剂，但在频繁启停工况下，Pt纳米颗粒易发生溶解、团聚；并且载体容易发生腐蚀等降解过程，导致电化学活性面积持续衰减，制约了PEMFCs的长期稳定运行。因此，有必要深入了解Pt基催化剂稳定性提升的研究进展，以推动高耐久催化剂的开发。本文从Pt金属颗粒本征稳定性与载体稳定性两条主线出发，系统综述了相关策略的研究进展与稳定性提升机制，并对高耐久Pt基催化剂的未来设计方向进行了展望，为推动PEMFCs商业化进程提供参考。
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are regarded as highly promising energy conversion devices due to their high power density and zero-emission characteristics. The cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the critical rate-limiting process determining the long-term stability and performance of PEMFCs. Although Pt-based catalysts remain the benchmark electrocatalysts for ORR, Pt nanoparticles are susceptible to degradation-including dissolution, agglomeration, and support corrosion-under frequent start-stop or transient operating conditions, resulting in a progressive loss of electrochemical surface area that severely restricts the long-term stable operation of PEMFCs. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the research progress in stability enhancement for Pt-based catalysts is essential to drive the development of high-durability materials. Focusing on two technical dimensions-the intrinsic stability of Pt nanoparticles and the stability of catalyst supports-this paper systematically reviews recent strategic advances and their underlying stability-reinforcing mechanisms. Finally, future design strategies for high-durability Pt-based catalysts are proposed to provide a reference for accelerating the commercialization of PEMFCs.关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池/阴极氧还原反应/铂基催化剂/稳定性Key words
PEMFCs/ORR/Pt-based catalysts/durability引用本文复制引用
张蓉,陈四国.铂基催化剂稳定性提升研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-03-24)[2026-03-26].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202603-243.学科分类
能源动力工业经济/氢能、氢能利用
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