燃料电池Pt基催化剂研究进展
Research progress on Pt-based catalysts for fuel cells
吴景灏 1陈四国1
作者信息
- 1. 重庆大学化学化工学院，重庆，401331
- 折叠
摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFCs）因其高能量转换效率和零排放特性，被认为是极具前景的清洁能源技术。然而，阴极氧还原反应（ORR）缓慢的动力学过程以及Pt基催化剂的高成本和耐久性不足，仍是制约其商业化应用的关键瓶颈。近年来，通过组成调控、界面工程及结构设计提升Pt基催化剂性能已成为研究热点。本文系统综述了PEMFCs阴极Pt基ORR催化剂的最新研究进展，重点总结了合金化调控、载体调控、杂原子掺杂及形貌结构调控等策略在调控Pt电子结构、优化氧中间体吸附行为及提升催化剂活性与稳定性方面的作用机制。最后，本文讨论了Pt基催化剂在稳定性、规模化制备及实际器件应用方面仍面临的挑战，并对未来高性能低Pt用量ORR催化剂的设计方向进行了展望。
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered a promising clean energy technology due to their high energy conversion efficiency and zero emissions. However, the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode and the high cost and insufficient durability of Pt-based catalysts remain key bottlenecks restricting their commercial application. In recent years, improving the performance of Pt-based catalysts through compositional regulation, interface engineering, and structural design has become a research hotspot. This paper systematically reviews the latest research progress on Pt-based ORR catalysts for PEMFC cathodes, focusing on summarizing the mechanisms by which strategies such as alloying regulation, support regulation, heteroatom doping, and morphology regulation play a role in regulating the electronic structure of Pt, optimizing the adsorption behavior of oxygen intermediates, and improving catalyst activity and stability. Finally, this paper discusses the challenges still faced by Pt-based catalysts in terms of stability, large-scale preparation, and practical device applications, and provides an outlook on the design direction of future high-performance, low-Pt ORR catalysts.关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池/阴极氧还原反应/Pt基催化剂Key words
PEMFCs/ORR/Pt-based catalysts引用本文复制引用
吴景灏,陈四国.燃料电池Pt基催化剂研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-03-27)[2026-03-28].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202603-267.学科分类
能源动力工业经济
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