中国跨境电商海外仓协同对物流绩效的影响机制研究
Research on the Impact Mechanism of Cross-border E-commerce Overseas Warehouse Collaboration on Logistics Performance in China
张文耀 1魏莹2
作者信息
- 1. 暨南大学信息科学技术学院
- 2. 暨南大学管理学院
- 折叠
摘要
海外仓已成为中国跨境电商企业拓展欧洲市场的核心基础设施，但不同类型海外仓的协同机制对物流绩效的影响尚缺乏系统实证。本研究聚焦中国企业在欧洲市场的海外仓运营，基于动态能力理论与交易成本理论，构建"海外仓协同-供应链敏捷性-物流绩效"的理论框架，引入数字化水平作为调节变量。采用问卷调查与案例研究相结合的混合方法，通过对412家中国在欧洲运营海外仓的跨境电商企业进行调研，并深度剖析亚马逊FBA（平台仓）、钱海众鑫供应链（第三方仓）、安克创新（自营仓）三个典型实例。实证发现：（1）信息协同、流程协同、资源协同均显著正向影响物流绩效，且供应链敏捷性在其中起部分中介作用；（2）数字化水平正向调节信息协同与供应链敏捷性的关系，但对流程协同和资源协同的调节作用不显著；（3）三类海外仓模式在协同维度上呈现差异化优势：平台仓信息协同最强，第三方仓资源协同最强，自营仓流程协同最强。本文为跨境电商企业欧洲市场海外仓选型与协同优化提供了理论依据与实践指引。
Abstract
Overseas warehouses have become the core infrastructure for Chinese cross-border e-commerce enterprises to expand into the European market. However, there is a lack of systematic empirical research on the impact of collaboration mechanisms among different types of overseas warehouses on logistics performance. This study focuses on the operation of overseas warehouses by Chinese enterprises in the European market. Based on dynamic capability theory and transaction cost theory, it constructs a theoretical framework of "overseas warehouse collaboration - supply chain agility - logistics performance", introducing digitalization level as a moderating variable. Using a mixed method combining questionnaire surveys and case studies, this research investigates 412 Chinese cross-border e-commerce enterprises operating overseas warehouses in Europe and deeply analyzes three typical examples: Amazon FBA (platform warehouse), Qianhai Zhongxin Supply Chain (third-party warehouse), and Anke Innovation (self-operated warehouse). The empirical findings are as follows: (1) information collaboration, process collaboration, and resource collaboration all have a significant positive impact on logistics performance, with supply chain agility playing a partial mediating role; (2) digitalization level positively moderates the relationship between information collaboration and supply chain agility, but the moderating effect on process collaboration and resource collaboration is not significant; (3) the three types of overseas warehouse models exhibit differentiated advantages in the dimension of collaboration: platform warehouses have the strongest information collaboration, third-party warehouses have the strongest resource collaboration, and self-operated warehouses have the strongest process collaboration. This paper provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for cross-border e-commerce enterprises in selecting and optimizing the collaboration of overseas warehouses in the European market.关键词
海外仓协同/跨境电商/欧洲市场/物流绩效/供应链敏捷性/混合研究Key words
Overseas warehouse collaboration/cross-border e-commerce/European market/logistics performance/supply chain agility/mixed research引用本文复制引用
张文耀,魏莹.中国跨境电商海外仓协同对物流绩效的影响机制研究[EB/OL].(2026-04-08)[2026-04-11].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202604-71.学科分类
交通运输经济
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