基于载体改性增强铂基催化剂稳定性的研究进展
Research progress on enhancing the stability of Pt-based catalysts through support modification
朱熙凤 1陈四国1
作者信息
- 1. 重庆大学化学化工学院，重庆，401331
- 折叠
摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池是氢能利用的核心器件，铂基催化剂为阴极氧还原反应的关键材料，但其商业化受限于商用Pt原料的高成本与催化剂低耐久性的问题，载体的稳定性对催化剂整体的稳定性起到了关键作用，载体性能不足为主要瓶颈。本文围绕铂基催化剂载体展开综述，系统总结了碳载体的石墨化提升、孔结构设计、杂原子掺杂等改性策略，以及金属氧化物载体的离子/原子掺杂、氧空位引入、异质结构构建等优化方法。重点综述了碳-氧化物复合载体的研究进展，该类载体融合碳材料的高导电性、大比表面积与金属氧化物的高稳定性、强铂锚定能力，实现了催化剂活性与耐久性的协同提升。最后展望了铂基催化剂载体的未来研究方向，为推动质子交换膜燃料电池的大规模商业化应用提供参考。
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are the core devices for hydrogen energy utilization. Platinum-based catalysts are the key materials for the cathode oxygen reduction reaction. However, their commercialization is limited by the high cost of commercial Pt raw materials and the low durability of the catalysts. The stability of the support plays a crucial role in the overall stability of the catalyst, and the insufficient performance of the support is the main bottleneck. This paper reviews the research on platinum-based catalyst supports. It systematically summarizes the modification strategies for carbon supports, such as enhancing graphitization, designing pore structures, and doping heteroatoms, as well as the optimization methods for metal oxide supports, such as ion/atom doping, introducing oxygen vacancies, and constructing heterostructures. The research progress of carbon-oxide composite supports is mainly reviewed. This type of support combines the high conductivity and large specific surface area of carbon materials with the high stability and strong platinum anchoring ability of metal oxides, achieving a synergistic improvement in the activity and durability of the catalyst. Finally, the future research directions of platinum-based catalyst supports are prospected, a providing reference for promoting the large-scale commercial application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池，铂基催化剂，氧还原反应，稳定性Key words
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells/ platinum-based catalyst/ oxygen reduction reaction/ stability引用本文复制引用
朱熙凤,陈四国.基于载体改性增强铂基催化剂稳定性的研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-04-08)[2026-04-10].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202604-74.学科分类
氢能、氢能利用
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