钒基储镁正极材料在可充镁电池中的研究进展
Recent Advances in Vanadium-Based Materials for Magnesium Battery Cathodes
王贵苗 1余丹梅1
作者信息
- 1. 重庆大学化学化工学院，重庆 401331
- 折叠
摘要
可充镁电池（RMBs）因镁负极的高体积比容量、无枝晶生长特性及镁资源丰富等优势，被视为"后锂离子电池"体系中最具发展潜力的储能技术之一。然而，正极材料中Mg2+的高电荷密度导致其固相扩散动力学迟缓，成为制约RMBs发展的关键瓶颈。在众多正极材料体系中，钒基材料凭借钒的多价态特性、开放的层状/隧道结构、较低的Mg2+扩散能垒及较高的工作电压，展现出突出的储镁潜力。本文系统综述了镁二次电池电解液、负极及正极材料的研究进展，重点聚焦钒基储镁正极材料（包括V2O5、VO2、VOPO4、VS2等）的结构特性、电化学性能及改性策略，并总结了当前面临的主要挑战与未来发展方向，以期为高性能镁电池正极材料的设计提供参考。
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are regarded as one of the most promising energy storage technologies in the "post-lithium-ion battery" system owing to the advantages of magnesium anodes, such as high volumetric capacity, dendrite-free growth, and abundant magnesium resources. However, the high charge density of Mg2+ in cathode materials results in sluggish solid-state diffusion kinetics, which has become the critical bottleneck restricting the development of RMBs. Among various cathode material systems, vanadium-based materials exhibit outstanding magnesium storage potential by virtue of the multivalence of vanadium, open layered/tunnel structures, low Mg2+ diffusion energy barriers, and high working voltages. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of electrolytes, anodes, and cathode materials for magnesium secondary batteries, focuses on the structural characteristics, electrochemical properties, and modification strategies of vanadium-based magnesium storage cathode materials (including V2O5, VO2, VOPO4, VS2, etc.), and summarizes the main current challenges and future development directions, so as to provide a reference for the design of high-performance cathode materials for magnesium batteries.关键词
镁二次电池/钒基正极材料/二硫化钒/储镁机制/扩散动力学Key words
Rechargeable magnesium batteries/Vanadium-based cathode materials/Vanadium disulfide/Magnesium storage mechanism/Diffusion kinetics引用本文复制引用
王贵苗,余丹梅.钒基储镁正极材料在可充镁电池中的研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-04-13)[2026-04-15].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202604-98.学科分类
独立电源技术
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