小麦种质苗期耐盐性评价与筛选
Evaluation and screening of salt tolerance of wheat germplasm at seedling stage
赵璐萌 1高金龙 1刘海霞 1孟令鹏 1徐渴 1张树华 1赵勇 1杨学举1
作者信息
- 1. 河北农业大学农学院，保定 071000
- 折叠
摘要
土壤盐渍化是影响小麦苗期生长的重要非生物胁迫之一，耐盐性种质鉴定对选育小麦耐盐品种和挖掘耐盐基因具有重要意义。本研究以50份小麦品种为试验材料，设置对照组（0 mmol/L NaCl）和NaCl组（150 mmol/L NaCl）两个处理，研究不同处理对小麦苗期表型性状的影响，并通过相关性分析、主成分分析、系统聚类等方法对其进行苗期耐盐性综合评价，筛选耐盐种质。结果表明，盐胁迫下，株高、根长等形态指标的平均值小于对照组，地上下部钠含量、地上下部钠/钾比的平均值高于对照组。主成分分析确定了地下部钠/钾比、苗干重、苗含水量、根/冠干重比、根含水量、叶长的耐盐指数可作为小麦苗期耐盐性评价的主要指标。聚类分析将50份小麦品种划分为5个类群，其中，高度耐盐型材料6份，耐盐型材料7份，中度耐盐型13份，盐敏感型材料13份，高度盐敏感型材料11份。本研究结果可为小麦苗期耐盐性鉴定提供简便、准确的方法，并为耐盐小麦新种质培育提供理论依据和材料。
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the important abiotic stresses affecting the growth of wheat seedlings. The identification of salt-tolerant germplasm is of great significance for breeding salt-tolerant wheat varieties and mining salt-tolerant genes. In this study, 50 wheat varieties were used as experimental materials, and two treatments were set up: control group (0 mmol/L NaCl) and NaCl group (150 mmol/L NaCl). The effects of different treatments on the phenotypic traits of wheat seedlings were studied. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, system clustering and other methods were used to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of wheat seedlings and screen salt-tolerant germplasm. The results showed that under salt stress, the average values of morphological indexes such as plant height and root length were lower than those of the control group, and the average values of sodium content and sodium/potassium ratio in aboveground and underground parts were higher than those of the control group. Principal component analysis showed that the salt tolerance index of underground sodium/potassium ratio, seedling dry weight, seedling water content, root/shoot dry weight ratio, root water content and leaf length could be used as the main indexes for the evaluation of salt tolerance of wheat seedlings. Cluster analysis divided 50 wheat varieties into 5 groups, including 6 highly salt-tolerant materials, 7 salt-tolerant materials, 13 moderately salt-tolerant materials, 13 salt-sensitive materials, and 11 highly salt-sensitive materials. The results of this study can provide a simple and accurate method for the identification of salt tolerance in wheat seedlings, and provide theoretical basis and materials for the cultivation of new salt-tolerant wheat germplasm.关键词
小麦/耐盐性/苗期/综合评价Key words
wheat/salt tolerance/seedling stage/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
赵璐萌,高金龙,刘海霞,孟令鹏,徐渴,张树华,赵勇,杨学举.小麦种质苗期耐盐性评价与筛选[EB/OL].(2026-05-08)[2026-05-10].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202605-7.学科分类
农艺学
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