大豆品种资源籽粒必需氨基酸含量鉴定与优异种质筛选
Identification for seed essential amino acid contents in variety and screening of elite germplasm in soybean
秦益民 1邵振启 1杨占武 1李文龙 1李喜焕1
作者信息
- 1. 河北农业大学农学院，河北保定071001
- 折叠
摘要
氨基酸尤其是必需氨基酸，参与人体蛋白质合成和能量供应，对维持机体生理功能有重要作用，但目前有关大豆品种资源必需氨基酸含量鉴定及优异种质筛选研究甚少。本研究利用547份大豆品种资源为材料，通过鉴定其在4种不同环境条件下的籽粒9种必需氨基酸含量，明确品种资源氨基酸含量遗传变异及其相关性，并筛选高含量优异种质。结果表明，供试大豆品种资源的必需氨基酸含量及其相对于总蛋白的相对含量均存在显著差异，其均值分别在0.38~3.15 g/100g和0.92~5.02%，以亮氨酸含量及其相对含量最高，而以色氨酸含量及其相对含量最低。同时发现，供试大豆品种资源籽粒必需氨基酸含量及其相对含量均存在较丰富遗传变异，且存在显著相关性，其中必需氨基酸含量变异系数在2.90~3.87%，相对含量变异系数在0.80~5.09%，以色氨酸含量与相对含量变异系数最大。另外，除色氨酸外，其它必需氨基酸含量间的相关系数均较高。基于各品种资源必需氨基酸含量，筛选出高含量优异种质10份、高相对含量优异种质10份，为通过常规育种手段及分子育种方法实现大豆籽粒必需氨基酸含量遗传改良奠定了基础。
Abstract
Amino acids, especially essential amino acids, are involved in the synthesis of protein and energy supply, which play important role in maintaining the various physiological function of human body. However, there were few studies focused on the identification of essential amino acid contents and screening of the elite germplasms in soybean. In view of this, 547 soybean varieties were used to determine the contents of nine kinds of essential amino acids under four different environmental conditions. The genetic variations and correlations of amino acid contents were clarified, and the elite germplasms with high contents were screened out. The results showed that there existed significant differences in the contents of essential amino acids and their relative contents to the total protein contents in the soybean varieties. The average contents and relative contents were 0.38-3.15 g/100g and 0.92-5.02%, respectively, with leucine possessed the highest content and relative content, while tryptophan had the lowest contents. Meanwhile, there existed relative wide genetic variations and significant correlations in the contents and relative contents of the essential amino acids in the soybean varieties. The coefficients of variation (CV) for the essential amino acid contents were 2.90-3.87%, and that of relative contents were 0.80-5.09%. The CV of tryptophan content and relative content were the largest. In addition, the correlation coefficients between the contents of other essential amino acids were relatively high, except for the tryptophan content. Based on the essential amino acid contents of each variety, 10 elite germplasms with high contents and 10 germplasms with high relative contents were screened out. The result provided foundation for the genetic improvement of essential amino acid contents in soybean through conventional breeding and molecular breeding methods.关键词
大豆/品质性状/必需氨基酸/资源鉴定/种质筛选。Key words
Soybean/Quality traits/Essential amino acid/Variety identification/Germplasm screening引用本文复制引用
秦益民,邵振启,杨占武,李文龙,李喜焕.大豆品种资源籽粒必需氨基酸含量鉴定与优异种质筛选[EB/OL].(2026-05-11)[2026-05-12].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202605-30.学科分类
农作物/遗传学/生物化学
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