学校环境下欺凌旁观者保护行为的塑造机制与治理路径
Shaping mechanisms and evidence-based governance pathways of bystander defending behaviors in school bullying
摘要
学校氛围是塑造青少年社会行为的关键微环境，也是欺凌治理的重要环节。以往研究 表明不良同伴关系是有效预测欺凌或受害的学校环境风险因素，而学校环境下旁观者的保 护行为则是欺凌现象终止的重要因素之一。然而，从静态视角，采用线性分析方法探索旁 观者保护行为的预测因素，难以深入阐释“旁观者为何在现实情境中做出不同反应”的复 杂心理机制。为此, 本研究尝试基于情境交互的动态视角，侧重于构建学校与班级氛围、互 动关系和旁观者个性心理特征的交互作用塑造旁观者保护行为的三阶段心理决策框架，以 期为发展科学有效的学校欺凌治理综合模式提供创新启示。
Abstract
The school climate serves as a pivotal microenvironment for the development of adolescents social behaviors and constitutes a critical component of school bullying intervention and governance. Previous research has indicated that adverse peer relationships are a key school environmental risk factor for predicting bullying and victimization, whereas bystander defending behaviors constitute one of the critical school environmental protective factors in terminating bullying events. However, traditional studies have mostly adopted a static perspective to focus on the predictive effects of a limited number of variables on bystander defending behaviors, thus failing to address the scientific question regarding the complex psychological mechanisms underlying why bystanders make divergent behavioral choices in real-world contexts. Furthermore, theoretically driven variable selection and linear analytic approaches have also constrained the discovery of potential pathways, failing to illuminate the intrinsic psychological processes underlying the bystanders behavioral decision-making. To address these gaps, the present study attempts to adopt a dynamic perspective of situational interactions, focusing on constructing a three-stage psychological decision-making framework that illustrates how school climate, interpersonal interactions, and bystanders personal traits shape bystander defending behaviors through the psychological processes of event identification, emotional experience, and risk-benefit trade offs. These results may provide innovative insights for developing a scientifically sound and comprehensive model of school bullying governance.关键词
校园欺凌/旁观者保护行为/塑造机制/治理路径Key words
school bullying/bystander defending behavior/shaping mechanisms/governance pathways引用本文复制引用
李欢欢,颜开.学校环境下欺凌旁观者保护行为的塑造机制与治理路径[EB/OL].(2026-05-15)[2026-05-19].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202605.00117.学科分类
教育
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