基于CFD与响应曲面法的液压牵引器涡轮结构机理分析与优化
Mechanism Analysis and Optimization of the Turbine Structure of a Hydraulic Tractor Based on CFD and Response Surface Methodology
仝少凯 1岳艳芳 1苗郁欣 2肖盟 2程志林2
作者信息
- 1. 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 陕西西安 710018
- 2. 西安石油大学石油工程学院，陕西西安 710065
- 折叠
摘要
针对长水平井连续油管输送过程中因井下空间局限导致的摩擦自锁与牵引力不足难题，本文设计了一种定子-转子交互排列的液压涡轮增压牵引器。采用计算流体力学方法对涡轮内部流场进行数值模拟，系统分析了叶片数目、叶片倾角及涡轮级数对流场分布、系统压降与牵引力的影响规律。结果表明：增加叶片数目虽可强化动量转换、具备提升牵引力的潜力，但流动阻力的增大会削弱牵引力的净输出增益；倾角为60 时涡轮通流特性与动力输出达成最优平衡；提升涡轮级数可在逐级累积驱动力的同时，引发阻力的近似线性叠加。此外，利用Box-Behnken响应曲面法构建了牵引力二次多项式预测模型，开展多参数协同优化与交互效应分析，揭示出系统排量与涡轮级数为影响牵引力主导因素，且"叶片数目-排量"与"排量-涡轮级数"的交互作用均呈现极显著的正向协同增益。经多约束满意度寻优，确定单段（六级）涡轮最优结构为叶片数21片、倾角72 。在375L/min常规排量下，三段串联整机于理想无干涉工况的理论总牵引力可突破10kN，足以克服长水平段连续油管的输送摩阻，可为井下大牵引力装备的结构设计与性能评估提供可靠理论依据。
Abstract
To address the problems of frictional self-locking and insufficient traction caused by limited downhole space during coiled tubing conveyance in long horizontal wells, a hydraulic turbine-boosted tractor with alternately arranged stators and rotors is designed in this study. Computational fluid dynamics was used to numerically simulate the internal flow field of the turbine, and the effects of blade number, blade inclination angle and turbine stage number on flow field distribution, system pressure drop and traction force were systematically analyzed. The results show that increasing the blade number can enhance momentum conversion and improve the potential traction output, but the increase in flow resistance weakens the net gain of traction force. When the blade inclination angle is 60 , the turbine flow performance and power output reach an optimal balance. Increasing the turbine stage number can accumulate driving force stage by stage, while also causing an approximately linear superposition of flow resistance. In addition, a quadratic polynomial prediction model of traction force was established using the Box-Behnken response surface method, and multi-parameter collaborative optimization and interaction effect analysis were carried out. The results reveal that system flow rate and turbine stage number are the dominant factors affecting traction force, and the interactions of "blade number-flow rate" and "flow rate-turbine stage number" both show highly significant positive synergistic effects. Through multi-constraint desirability optimization, the optimal structure of a single-section six-stage turbine is determined as 21 blades and a blade inclination angle of 72 . At a conventional flow rate of 375 L/min, the theoretical total traction force of the three-section series tractor under ideal non-interference conditions can exceed 10 kN, which is sufficient to overcome the conveying friction of coiled tubing in long horizontal sections. This study provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and performance evaluation of high-traction downhole tools.关键词
连续油管/液压牵引器/多级涡轮/计算流体力学（CFD）/响应曲面法/结构优化Key words
coiled tubing/hydraulic tractor/multi-stage turbine/computational fluid dynamics/response surface methodology/structural optimization.引用本文复制引用
仝少凯,岳艳芳,苗郁欣,肖盟,程志林.基于CFD与响应曲面法的液压牵引器涡轮结构机理分析与优化[EB/OL].(2026-05-26)[2026-05-27].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202605-122.学科分类
钻井工程/石油机械设备/自动化技术、自动化技术设备/计算技术、计算机技术
