情绪特异性还是普遍性？——抑郁患者抑制控制损伤的ALE元分析
Emotion-Specific or General? An ALE Meta-Analysis of Inhibitory Control Impairments in Patients with Depression
刘荣 1张双喜 1孙潇 1张桂敏 1宋耀武1
作者信息
摘要
抑制控制能力受损是抑郁症的发病机制之一，但这种损伤是情绪特异性的还是普遍性的尚不明确。本研究采用激活似然估计法(ALE)，整合任务态脑成像研究，分析和比较情绪性与非情绪性抑制控制任务下重性抑郁(Major Depressive Disorder, MDD)患者与健康对照组的脑激活差异。经文献检索与筛选，共纳入19项研究，133个有效坐标。结果发现：(1)在情绪性抑制控制任务中，MDD患者右侧额中回出现补偿性激活，左侧额中回和右侧额下回激活减弱；(2)在非情绪性抑制控制任务中，未发现跨研究一致的差异脑区。该结果提示，MDD患者的抑制控制能力损伤可能是情绪特异性的，损伤脑区主要集中于前额叶。研究结果为探索抑制控制在抑郁症发生和维持中的作用提供了方向性启发，并为开发基于抑制控制的靶向干预提供了参考。
Abstract
Impaired inhibitory control is considered one of the core mechanisms underlying the progression of depression. Cognitive models of depression propose that deficits in inhibitory control weaken individuals ability to regulate emotional information, thereby sustaining negative affect and exacerbating depressive symptoms. However, because patients with depression exhibit both emotional disturbances and widespread cognitive impairments, explaining inhibitory control deficits solely from an emotion-processing perspective may not fully capture their role in the pathophysiology of depression. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically integrate existing evidence to determine whether inhibitory control impairments in depression are primarily emotion-specific or reflect a more generalized cognitive dysfunction, thereby clarifying the pathways through which inhibitory control contributes to the onset and maintenance of depression. The present study conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize neuroimaging findings from emotional and non-emotional inhibitory control tasks in patients with depression, aiming to identify the characteristics and neural mechanisms of inhibitory control deficits. Specifically, this study conducted an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of task-related neural activation differences between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC) during emotional and non-emotional inhibitory control tasks. Following a systematic literature search and rigorous screening, 19 task-based fMRI studies were included, involving 393 individuals with MDD and reporting 133 activation foci. Based on task type (emotional vs. non-emotional) and the direction of activation difference(MDD > HC vs. MDD HC, emotionalMDD HC, and non-emotionalMDD < HC. All coordinates were transformed into Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space prior to analysis, with Talairach coordinates reported in the original studies converted to MNI coordinates using GingerALE 2.6.3. Single ALE analyses were performed for each dataset using an uncorrected threshold of p < 0.0001 and a minimum cluster size of 200 mm. Because the non-emotionalMDD HC datasets showed no significant convergent activation, contrast analyses between emotional and non-emotional inhibitory control tasks could not be performed. The results showed that, during emotional inhibitory control tasks, individuals with MDD exhibited compensatory hyperactivation in the right middle frontal gyrus(34, 38, 32), and decreased activation convergence in the left middle frontal gyrus(36, 40, 16) and right inferior frontal gyrus(50, 14, 18) relative to HC. By contrast, no significant convergent activation was observed for non-emotional inhibitory control tasks. This meta-analysis advances our understanding of the pathophysiology of depression by revealing the characteristics of inhibitory control deficits. The findings indicate that depression is characterized by altered recruitment of prefrontal regions during emotional inhibitory control, supporting the view that inhibitory control deficits in depression are closely linked to emotional processing dysfunction. These results highlight a potential pathway through which impaired inhibitory control may contribute to the persistence of depressive symptoms and may inform the development of targeted cognitive and neurobiological interventions.关键词
抑郁症/抑制控制/神经机制/ALE元分析/情绪特异性Key words
Major Depressive Disorder/inhibitory control/neural mechanism/ALE meta-analysis/emotion-specific引用本文复制引用
刘荣,张双喜,孙潇,张桂敏,宋耀武.情绪特异性还是普遍性？——抑郁患者抑制控制损伤的ALE元分析[EB/OL].(2026-06-01)[2026-06-04].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202606.00004.学科分类
神经病学、精神病学/医学研究方法
