均匀平面波在介质分界面上反射与透射特性的MATLAB仿真分析
Reflection and Transmission Characteristics of Uniform Plane Waves at Dielectric Interfaces Based on MATLAB Simulation and Analysis
刘婉如 1张敏1
作者信息
- 1. 辽宁工程技术大学电子与信息工程学院，葫芦岛市 12500
- 折叠
摘要
针对均匀平面波在介质分界面的传播特性，探究介质参数及入射条件对反射与透射系数的影响机制。方法基于麦克斯韦方程组与边界条件，建立严格的理论模型，推导菲涅尔公式及反射、透射系数解析解；结合MATLAB平台构建数值仿真算法，实现不同介电常数、磁导率、入射角及极化方式下的动态可视化分析。结果仿真表明：空气-玻璃界面（n1=1.0, n2=1.5）垂直入射时反射系数为-0.2，功率反射率为4%；平行极化波在布儒斯特角（θB≈56.31 ）实现全透射；玻璃-空气界面临界角θc≈41.81 ，超此角发生全反射且反射系数模值为1；介质介电常数差增大显著提升反射强度，空气-硅界面功率反射率达30%。结论该研究成果量化了界面电磁散射规律，为通信工程、雷达系统设计及光学器件开发提供了可靠的理论依据与仿真分析工具。
Abstract
To investigate the propagation characteristics of uniform plane waves at dielectric interfaces and to elucidate the influence mechanisms of medium parameters and incident conditions on reflection and transmission coefficients.Based on Maxwell\'s equations and electromagnetic boundary conditions, a rigorous theoretical model was established to derive Fresnel\'s formulas and the analytical solutions for reflection and transmission coefficients. Numerical simulation algorithms were developed using the MATLAB platform to achieve dynamic visualization of wave behavior under varying conditions, including permittivity, permeability, incident angles, and polarization states.Simulation results indicate that: For an air-glass interface (n1=1.0, n2=1.5), the reflection coefficient is -0.2 with a power reflectance of 4% at normal incidence; total transmission for parallel-polarized waves occurs at the Brewster angle (θB≈56.31 ); the critical angle for an air-glass interface is approximately 41.81 , beyond which total internal reflection occurs with a reflection coefficient magnitude of 1; and an increase in the permittivity contrast significantly enhances reflection intensity, reaching a power reflectance of up to 30% for an air-silicon interface.The quantitative analysis of electromagnetic scattering laws at interfaces provides a reliable theoretical foundation and an effective simulation tool for applications in communication engineering, radar system design, and optical device development.?????关键词
均匀平面波/MATLAB仿真/介质分界面/反射特性/透射特性/Fresnel方程/布儒斯特角?????Key words
Uniform plane wave/MATLAB simulation/Dielectric interface/Reflection characteristics/Transmission characteristics/Fresnel equations/Brewster angle?????引用本文复制引用
刘婉如,张敏.均匀平面波在介质分界面上反射与透射特性的MATLAB仿真分析[EB/OL].(2026-06-22)[2026-06-24].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202606-61.学科分类
电工基础理论/高电压技术/电子技术应用/通信/雷达
