视空间记忆中的生命性效应： 促进项目记忆而损害位置整合
The animacy effect in visuospatial memory: facilitating item memory while impairing location integration
程释 1余路 2李昊骏 2刘纪超 2李轩轩 2赵笑梅3
作者信息
- 1. 河北师范大学心理学系，石家庄，050024;河北师范大学教育学院，石家庄，050024
- 2. 河北师范大学心理学系，石家庄，050024
- 3. 河北师范大学教育学院，石家庄，050024
- 折叠
摘要
本研究以真实图片为刺激，通过视空间工作记忆范式探讨生命性效应对三种记忆的影响。实验1结果显示，个体对有生命物体图片的回忆在项目记忆中更佳，但在项目—位置联结记忆中则更差，在位置记忆中未呈现优劣势。这验证了生命性效应的不稳定性及在某些情境下的负面作用。实验2的两个子实验进一步引入情境因素，分别在自然场景与生活场景背景下，考察刺激与场景联系强度对生命性效应的边界条件。结果显示，生命性效应在两类场景下的视空间工作记忆模式高度相似；联系强度可提升项目记忆表现，但与场景强联系的物体在位置记忆和项目—位置联结记忆中未显示优势。上述结果表明，生命性效应在视空间工作记忆中具有细致的边界条件，未来研究需进一步探明影响该效应稳定性的深层因素。
Abstract
his study used real-life images as experimental stimuli within the Visual-Spatial Working Memory (VSWM) paradigm to investigate the animacy effect in three types of memory. Experiment 1 revealed the differential impact of animacy on various memory tasks. Specifically, in the item memory task, recall accuracy was significantly higher for animate images (e.g., animals) than for inanimate images (e.g., objects), demonstrating a positive role of the animacy effect. However, in the item-location binding memory task, the recall rate for inanimate images surpassed that for animate images, indicating a negative influence of animacy. In addition, no significant difference was observed between animate and inanimate images in the location memory task. Taken together, these results validated the stability of the animacy effect when using image-based stimuli and identified its instability in location memory and detrimental effect in item-location binding memory, hinting at a potential associative impairment associated with animacy in visuospatial memory tasks.To delve deeper into these findings, Experiment 2 integrated scene priming paradigms into the framework established in Experiment 1. This experiment examined the influence of the social and natural attributes inherent in animate and inanimate stimuli on memory, as well as how these attributes manifest under natural and social scene priming conditions. Based on the categorization of image attributes in Experiment 1, two sub-experiments were conducted to assess the animacy effect on VSWM performance under natural scene and social scene priming, respectively.The results of Experiments 2a and 2b affirmed the fundamental similarity in visuospatial working memory patterns across diverse scene contexts. Notably, associative strength had a significant influence on item memory recall. Across both scene priming conditions, objects strongly associated with the scene exhibited a pronounced advantage in item memory, whereas this advantage did not extend to location memory or item-location binding memory. Moreover, the recall patterns for animate and inanimate objects with varying degrees of associative strength were largely consistent across both scene contexts in terms of item memory, location memory, and item-location binding memory, with only subtle differences observed in item memory. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of the animacy effect, which fluctuates in response to changes in environmental contexts.Overall, the present study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay among animacy, memory processes, and environmental cues. It highlights the importance of considering contextual factors when investigating cognitive phenomena such as memory and underscores the potential for future research to unravel the physiological mechanisms underlying these observations. By providing empirical evidence for the conditional nature of animacy effects, this study paves the way for developing targeted interventions to enhance memory performance in various real-world applications.关键词
生命性效应/视空间工作记忆/记忆整合Key words
Memory Integration/Animacy Effect/Visual-Spatial Working Memory引用本文复制引用
程释,余路,李昊骏,刘纪超,李轩轩,赵笑梅.视空间记忆中的生命性效应： 促进项目记忆而损害位置整合[EB/OL].(2026-07-12)[2026-07-14].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202607.00110.学科分类
生物科学理论、生物科学方法
