方舰舰 1魏文寿 2王敏仲 2杨余辉 3李圆圆 4陈荣毅 2霍文2
作者信息
- 1. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所，新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站，中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地，新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
- 2. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所，新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站，中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地，新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
- 3. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
- 4. 新疆人工影响天气办公室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
- 折叠
摘要
利用2014—2024年夏季巴音布鲁克国家基本气象站数据、2014年8月系留气艇探测与火箭探空数据及同期ERA5再分析资料，分析了该地区夏季大气结构特征，评估了ERA5再分析资料在高寒山区的适用性。结果表明：（1）天山巴音布鲁克盆地平均气温为11.14℃，东风为夏季近地面主导风向。强辐射逆温与低比湿是该地区低空大气的显著特征。白天气温随高度递减，近地层比湿5~6g·kg-1高于上层3~4g·kg-1。夜间近地层风速波动较大，日间200~800 m风速近似垂直，中高层存在风速大于30m·s-1的强风带。（2）大气边界层高度日变化明显，夜间稳定层结下，基于位温梯度法确定的边界层高度（平均274.0~356m）显著高于基于风廓线法确定的边界层高度（平均164.9~166.3 m），对流混合作用下两者趋于一致。天山巴音布鲁克盆地层结以稳定型为主，且稳定度随高度增强。（3）ERA5再分析资料在自由大气与实测温湿数据相关性较高，相关系数在0.99~1.00；但对近地面逆温模拟过程存在偏差，02:00气温相关系数为0.67，14:00比湿相关系数为0.39。本研究深化了对高寒山区边界层物理过程的理解，为改进天山巴音布鲁克盆地数值天气预报与气候模式的物理参数化方案提供了理论依据。
Abstract
Based on the summer data from the Bayanbulak National Basic Meteorological Station from 2014 to 2024, tethered balloon and rocket sounding data in August 2014, and concurrent ERA5 reanalysis data, this study analyzed the characteristics of the summer atmospheric structure in this region and evaluated the applicability of ERA5 reanalysis data in alpine mountainous areas. The results show that: (1) The average summer temperature in the Tianshan Bayanbulak Basin was 11.14 , with easterly winds dominant near the surface. Strong radiation in version and low specific humidity were prominent features of the low-altitude atmosphere. During the daytime,the temperature decreased with increasing altitude, and the specific humidity in the near-surface layer (5-6 gkg-1) was higher than that in the upper layer (3-4 gkg-1). At night, the wind speed in the near-surface layer exhibited large fluctuations. During the daytime, the wind speed between 200 and 800 m was approximately vertical, and a strong wind belt with wind speeds greater than 30 ms-1 occurred in the middle and upper layers. (2) The atmospheric boundary layer height showed significant diurnal variation. Under stable stratification at night, the boundary layer height determined by the potential temperature gradient method (averaging 274-356 m) was significantly higher than that determined by the wind profile method (averaging 164.9-166.3 m); however, the two methods yielded consistent results under convective mixing. The atmospheric stratification in the Tianshan Bayanbulak Basin was predominantly stable, with stability increasing with altitude. (3) The ERA5 reanalysis data showed a high correlation with the measured temperature and humidity data in the free atmosphere, with correlation coefficientsranging from 0.99 to 1.00. However, notable deviations occurred in simulating the near-surface temperature inversion process, with the temperature correlation coefficient at 02:00 dropping to 0.67 and the specific humidity correlation coefficient at 14:00 dropping to 0.39. This study enhances understanding of boundary layer physical processes in alpine mountainous areas.关键词
巴音布鲁克/大气结构/大气边界层高度/层结稳定度/系留气艇探测/火箭探空Key words
Bayanbulak/atmospheric structure/atmospheric boundary layer height/stratification stability/tethered balloon sounding/rocket sounding引用本文复制引用
方舰舰,魏文寿,王敏仲,杨余辉,李圆圆,陈荣毅,霍文.天山巴音布鲁克盆地夏季大气结构特征[EB/OL].(2026-07-23)[2026-07-29].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202607.00191.学科分类
大气科学（气象学）
