组织中感激表达效应的整合与扩展
Integrating and expanding the effects of gratitude expression in organizations
摘要
感激表达是组织情境中常见的人际互动行为，通常被认为能够传递积极社会信号并产 生多方面有益的心理与行为影响。然而，现有研究发现感激表达在不同情境中可能产生差异 化的结果，其影响机制尚缺乏系统整合与解释。本文在系统梳理相关实证研究的基础上，从 效应范围(个体内 vs. 个体间)与效应效价(积极 vs. 消极)两个维度构建分类框架，整合了感 激表达对表达者、接收者和目睹者的影响，并据此归纳出个体内积极效应、个体间积极效应、 个体间消极效应和个体内消极效应四类效应类型。在此基础上，本文基于社会关系理论提出 以共生关系感知或交换关系感知为核心的效应分化解释框架，并将影响关系感知的情境线索 归纳为个体线索与互动线索两类，以阐释不同情境条件如何影响感激表达的效应方向。基于 上述整合与解释，本文提出丰富个体内及消极效应研究、系统化边界条件研究以及从时间视 角拓展效应研究三个未来研究方向，为理解感激表达在组织中的复杂作用提供了新的理论视 角，也为未来研究提供了系统化的研究议程。
Abstract
Gratitude expression is a common form of interpersonal interaction in organizational contexts and is generally considered to convey positive social signals and produce beneficial psychological and behavioral outcomes. However, existing research suggests that gratitude expression may produce different effects across contexts, and its underlying mechanisms have yet to be systematically integrated and explained. Drawing on a systematic review of relevant empirical studies, we develop a typological framework along two dimensions: the scope of effects (intrapersonal vs. interpersonal) and the valence of effects (positive vs. negative). This framework integrates the effects of gratitude expression on expressers, receivers, and observers and identifies four types of effects: intrapersonal positive effects, interpersonal positive effects, interpersonal negative effects, and intrapersonal negative effects. Building on social relational theory, we further develop an explanatory framework for why the effects of gratitude expression differ across contexts, focusing on whether gratitude expression strengthens perceptions of a communal relationship or makes an exchange relationship more salient. We also categorize the contextual cues that shape relationship perceptions into individual and interactional cues, thereby explaining how different contextual conditions influence the direction of gratitude expression effects. Based on this integrative perspective, we propose three directions for future research: expanding research on intrapersonal and negative effects, systematically examining boundary conditions, and extending research on gratitude expression from a temporal perspective. Overall, we provide a new theoretical perspective for understanding the complex effects of gratitude expression in organizations and offer a systematic research agenda for future studies.关键词
感激/感激表达/积极效应/消极效应/情境Key words
gratitude/gratitude expression/positive effects/negative effects/context引用本文复制引用
.组织中感激表达效应的整合与扩展[EB/OL].(2026-08-14)[2026-08-19].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202608.00010.学科分类
科学、科学研究
