2003—2023年额济纳绿洲植被EVI和物候时空变化特征及其气候响应
金胡格吉乐吐 1包刚 2刘远 1张斯莲 3哈斯乌拉 4唐克斯 4BayarsaikhanSainbuyan5
作者信息
- 1. 内蒙古师范大学旅游学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022
- 2. 内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022
- 3. 内蒙古自治区气象局计划财务处，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
- 4. 内蒙古自治区环境监测总站阿拉善分站，内蒙古 阿拉善 750306
- 5. 蒙古国国立大学文理学院地理系，蒙古 乌兰巴托 210646
- 折叠
摘要
基于2000—2023年的MODIS增强型植被指数（EVI）数据、气象观测数据及地下水位监测资料，探讨了额济纳绿洲植被覆盖变化及其关键物候参数（返青期、峰值期、枯黄期）的时空动态特征，并揭示了其对气候变化和地下水位波动的响应特征。结果表明：（1）生长季多年平均EVI仅为0.13。EVI与物候参数受水文与土地利用双重驱动，湿地植被表现为“返青早、生长旺、枯黄晚”特征，而耕地则呈现“返青晚、峰值滞后、枯黄早”的人工调控模式，草地和森林介于两者之间。（2）2000—2023年间，生长季EVI呈极显著上升趋势（r = 0.98，P < 0.01），峰值期显著提前（r = -0.51，P < 0.05），而返青期和枯黄期未表现出显著变化趋势。（3）EVI与1—9月累积气温呈显著正相关（r = 0.77，P < 0.01），而与降水量的相关性较弱，主要原因是研究区植被水分来源于河道输水与地下水补给（地下水位和植被EVI呈显著相关）。此外，春季气温升高促进返青期提前，冬季及生长季前期气温升高导致峰值期提前，秋季升温将枯黄期推迟。（4）峰值期与EVI呈显著负相关（r = −0.49，P < 0.05），表明峰值期提前有利于植被生产力的提升，而其他物候参数对EVI无显著影响。研究表明，在生态输水支撑的极端干旱区，植被生长主要受气温的时滞累积效应驱动，而非降水限制，其中峰值期提前是提升植被生产力的关键物候指标。本研究可为黑河流域生态输水效益评估及干旱区植被恢复提供科学依据。
Abstract
Based on MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data, meteorological observations, and groundwater level monitoring data from 2000 to 2023, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of vegetation cover and key phenological parameters (start of growing season, SOS; peak of growing season, POS; end of growing season, EOS) in the Ejina Oasis, and revealed their responses to climate change and groundwater fluctuations. The results showed that: (1) The multi-year average EVI during the growing season was only 0.13. EVI and phenological parameters were jointly driven by hydrology and land use. Wetland vegetation exhibited a pattern of "early SOS, vigorous growth, and late EOS," while cropland showed an anthropogenically regulated pattern characterized by "late SOS, delayed POS, and early EOS," with grassland and forest falling in between. (2) From 2000 to 2023, the growing season EVI exhibited a highly significant upward trend (r = 0.98, P < 0.01), and the POS advanced significantly (r = -0.51, P < 0.05), whereas the SOS and EOS showed no significant trends. (3) EVI was significantly positively correlated with the cumulative temperature from January to September (r = 0.77, P < 0.01), while its correlation with precipitation was weak. This is primarily because vegetation in the study area relies on river conveyance and groundwater recharge (a significant correlation exists between groundwater level and EVI). Furthermore, rising spring temperatures promoted an earlier SOS, temperature increases in winter and the early growing season led to an earlier POS, and autumn warming delayed the EOS. (4) POS was significantly negatively correlated with EVI (r = -0.49, P < 0.05$), indicating that an earlier POS is conducive to enhancing vegetation productivity, while other phenological parameters had no significant impact on EVI. This study suggests that in hyper-arid regions supported by ecological water conveyance, vegetation growth is primarily driven by the time-lag and cumulative effects of temperature rather than precipitation limitations, and the advancement of POS is a key phenological indicator for improving vegetation productivity. This research provides a scientific basis for evaluating the benefits of ecological water conveyance in the Heihe River Basin and for vegetation restoration in arid zones.关键词
额济纳绿洲/EVI/植被物候/气候变化/地下水Key words
Ejin Oasis/EVI/vegetation phenology/climate change/groundwater引用本文复制引用
金胡格吉乐吐,包刚,刘远,张斯莲,哈斯乌拉,唐克斯,BayarsaikhanSainbuyan.2003—2023年额济纳绿洲植被EVI和物候时空变化特征及其气候响应[EB/OL].(2026-09-11)[2026-09-13].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202609.00108.学科分类
环境科学基础理论
