健听者与听障者唇读眼动模式及其转换机制
Eye movement patterns during speechreading and their transition mechanisms in typically hearing and hearing-impaired individuals
肖冉 1范佳露 2宫慧娜 3雷江华3
作者信息
- 1. 华中师范大学教育学院;合肥大学教育学院
- 2. 南京特殊教育师范学院特殊教育学院
- 3. 华中师范大学教育学院
- 折叠
摘要
唇读眼动模式揭示了视觉言语感知中个体动态分配注意资源的认知机制。本文发现健听者和听障者唇读眼动模式包含局部加工和整体加工模式。局部加工上，两者均出现眼部首视和尾视效应、口部信息源吸引效应，但听障者在视听条件下的唇读中会增强口部加工，支持补偿策略。整体加工上，听障者在视觉条件下的唇读中更倾向运用社会协调模式，支持凝视方向假说。唇读局部和整体加工模式在唇读任务目标和群体认知知识结构的协同作用下相互转换，具体转换方式与两类群体的认知负荷卸载需求有关。未来研究可进一步厘清唇读认知知识结构差异对唇读眼动模式的影响，深入挖掘听障者唇读眼动模式的动态发展和主动增强机制，推动基于眼动模式的唇读评估与干预研究。
Abstract
Eye movement patterns during speechreading reveal the cognitive mechanisms underlying the dynamic allocation of attentional resources in visual speech perception. This review found that both typically hearing (TH) individuals and those with hearing impairment (HI) showed local and holistic processing patterns during speechreading. Regarding local processing, both groups showed eye primacy and final fixation effects, as well as a mouth-oriented information source attraction effect. However, during speechreading under audiovisual conditions, individuals with HI demonstrated enhanced mouth processing, consistent with a compensatory strategy. Regarding holistic processing, individuals with HI relied more heavily on the social-tuning pattern during speechreading under visual-only conditions, supporting the gaze direction assumption. The local and holistic processing patterns transitioned dynamically under the interactive influence of speechreading task goals and group differences in cognitive knowledge structures. The specific transition mechanisms were related to the demand for cognitive load offloading. Future research could further clarify how differences in cognitive knowledge structures between TH individuals and individuals with HI affect eye movement patterns during speechreading, explore the dynamic development and active enhancement mechanisms of these patterns in individuals with HI, and promote speechreading assessment and intervention research based on eye movement patterns.关键词
唇读/视觉言语/听障者/眼动模式Key words
speechreading/visual speech/individuals with hearing impairment/eye movement patterns引用本文复制引用
肖冉,范佳露,宫慧娜,雷江华.健听者与听障者唇读眼动模式及其转换机制[EB/OL].(2026-09-14)[2026-09-17].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202609.00152.学科分类
语言学
