大语言模型辅助心理构念发现：方法与应用
Large Language Model–Assisted Discovery of Psychological Constructs: Method and Application
纪馨玉 1朱廷劭2
作者信息
- 1. 中国科学院大学前沿交叉科学学院，北京 101408;中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院，北京 100190;中国科学院心理研究所认知科学与心理健康全国重点实验室，北京 100101;多伦多大学信息学院，加拿大安大略省多伦多 M5S 3G6
- 2. 中国科学院大学心理学系，北京 100049;中国科学院心理研究所认知科学与心理健康全国重点实验室，北京 100101
- 折叠
摘要
大语言模型为心理构念的初步提出提供了新的可能，但生成概念与已有概念的区别及其研究价值，需要进一步比较和评价。本文围绕这一任务，提出一种大语言模型辅助的心理构念候选生成与筛选流程。该流程以既有概念和此前保留的候选为参照进行语义筛选，通过内容评审反馈修订初步定义与概念差异说明，并由研究者独立评价候选的研究价值。在转型社会生活取向领域的应用中，优选概念分别涉及交往中的用途与责任边界、与虚拟角色建立的拟亲缘关系，以及从不同生活领域获得满足的方式。研究进一步选取一个优选概念，通过实际文本的分析明确其内涵，并形成识别相关表达的判断规则。本文将概念比较与专业评价纳入模型辅助的概念探索，为心理构念候选的提出和优选提供了具体方法。
Abstract
Large language models offer new possibilities for proposing psychological constructs, but the distinctiveness and research value of the concepts they generate require systematic comparison and evaluation. This study presents a workflow for generating and screening candidate psychological constructs with large language models. Candidates are screened for semantic similarity against existing concepts and previously retained candidates. Model-generated feedback guides revisions to preliminary definitions and explanations of conceptual differences, and researchers independently assess the candidates research value. In an application to life orientations in a society undergoing transformation, the selected candidates concerned purposes and responsibility boundaries in interpersonal relationships, kinship-like relationships with virtual characters, and ways of deriving satisfaction from different life domains. One selected candidate was further examined through the analysis of naturally occurring texts to clarify its meaning and develop criteria for identifying relevant expressions. By incorporating conceptual comparison and expert evaluation into model-assisted exploration, this study offers a practical approach to proposing and prioritizing candidate psychological constructs.关键词
大语言模型/心理构念发现/概念生成/人机协作/计算社会科学Key words
large language models/psychological construct discovery/concept generation/human–AI collaboration/computational social science引用本文复制引用
纪馨玉,朱廷劭.大语言模型辅助心理构念发现：方法与应用[EB/OL].(2026-10-03)[2026-10-06].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202610.00006.学科分类
心理学
